问题 问答题

林×,男,36岁。因食管下段及胃底静脉曲张破裂出血第二次住院。经非手术处理,出血情况已初步控制。现积极术前准备,择期行门—奇静脉断流术,请你提出术前一般护理问题/诊断及相应护理措施。

答案

参考答案:

(1)护理诊断/问题:①焦虑、恐惧或绝望。②营养失调——低于机体需要量。③有广泛出血危险。④潜在的术后并发症——腹腔内出血;肝性脑病;肺部、腹腔、胸腔、伤口感染;肠系膜静脉血栓形成;肝、肾功能衰竭等。⑤康复保健知识缺乏。

(2)护理措施:①心理护理;②充分休息;③加强营养,采取有关保肝措施(如纠正低蛋白血症、贫血、凝血机制障碍,给予保肝药物,静脉输入GIK液等);④防止食管胃底曲张静脉再出血(如避免粗糙、过热食物、口服药片研末冲服等);⑤术前2日预防性使用抗生素。

阅读理解

任务型阅读

       He is a young man who seems to have brains in his feet as well as his mind.

       Brazilian(巴西的) football star Ricardo Kaka's performances make the point well. He is one of the

top scorers in the UEFA Champions League(欧洲冠军杯).  Kaka helped AC Milan beat Manchester

United 3 -0. The win took Kaka and AC Milan to the finals of the UEFA cup in 2007.

Like many Brazilian football players, Kaka is now world famous. But he is not like most Brazilian players. Most of his pals were once poor. Football made them famous and rich.

The 27-year-old Kaka is a different kind of star.

He was born in a rich family and enjoyed a comfortable early life. He joined Sao Paub club at eight and

signed as a professional(职业的 )

player at 15.  Three years later, he was the best player in the team.

      "I plan my career(事业) by setting myself goals," he explained." My goals drive me, they are what I

fight for. "

      And his next goal is to help the poor children.  "When I was with the national learn, we went to play

in some of the poorer areas. " He said.  "You see children who don't have enough to eat. "

      Kaka believes he can do some thing. Since November 2004, Kaka has been an Ambassador(大使) Against Hunger for the UN World Food Program.

根据短文内容,完成下列各题。

l. Ricardo Kaka is one of the          in the UEFA Champions League(欧洲冠军杯) .

2. Kaka is           years old this year.

3.  Ricardo Kaka's next goal is to            .

4. Ricardo Kaka went to play in some of         _ when he was with the national team.

5. Kaka has been an Ambassador(大使) Against Hunger for the UN World Food Program since         .

多项选择题