问题 问答题

下列是有关农业、农村、农民问题的材料:
材料1 在“三农”问题中,最为突出的是农民增收困难和农民负担过重,而这二者又相辅相成,互为因果,农业问题、农村问题、农民问题是经济社会发展过程中长期积攒的结构、体制性矛盾尖锐化的产物。在未来相当长时期内,农村人口在中国社会总人口中还会占相当的比例,“三农”的严峻性难以从根本上清除。“三农”问题是中国全面建设小康社会面临的最大难题。
摘自人民网《瞭望:十大因素正在影响中国近中期的发展》2003年7月16日
材料2 建设现代农业,繁荣农村经济,增加收入,)是全面建设小康社会的重大任务,这是立足我国国情和农村实际做出的一个重大判断,在绝大多数群众稳定地解决温饱进入小康以后,今后10—20午,我国经济社会发展的主要任务是全面建设小康社会。完成这一伟大的历史性任务,重点和难点都在农村。
摘自韩长赋《解决“三农”问题是全面建设小康社会的重大任务》
材料3 解决好农业、农村、农民问题,仍然是全部工作的重中之重。适应我国经济发展新阶段的要求,实行工业反哺农业、城市支持农村的方针,合理调整国民收入分配格局,更多地支持农业和农村发展。要围绕提高农业综合生产能力,实现粮食稳定增产,农民持续增收,从多方面加大支持力度。
摘自温 * * 《在第十届全国人大三次会议上的政府工作报告》
请回答:
(1)结合材料l、2说明为什么“三农”问题是建设全面小康社会的最大难题。
(2)结合材料3阐述发展现代农业、全面振兴农村经济和农民持续增收问题,

答案

参考答案:(1)农业是国民经济的基础,也是经济发展、社会安定、国家自主的基础,农业、农村和农民问题是全面建设小康社会的难题。这是因为:①农业的发展水平低,不适应社会主义市场经济的要求,农村不发达。农村人口占全国62%,农村能否如期完成建设小康社会的各项任务,对全国举足轻重。②当前国民经济的突出矛盾是农民收入增长缓慢。使农民持续增收,是促进国民经济持续快速健康发展的关键问题。③缩小城乡差距,在农村完成全面建设小康社会的任务十分繁重。农村的稳定和全面进步是社会稳定和国家全面进步的基础。只有农民的小康,才有全国人民的小康,只有农业的现代化,才有整个国民经济的现代化。
(2)高度重视农业的发展,全面振兴农村经济,必须按照经济发展的内在规律,从我国的国情出发采取以农业为基础的经济发展战略,提高农业综合生产能力,目前主要抓好以下几方面:①稳定、完善和强化对农业的支持政策,加快减免农业税步伐。②推进农业和农村经济结构调整,全面提高农业和农村的素质和效益。③加强农田水利和农村基础设施建设。④农业发展,农民增收要依靠科技,加快农业料技创新和技术推广,开发高产优质高效农业。⑤多渠道转移农村富余劳动力,引导农村劳动力合理有序流动。总之,通过农村经济体制改革,促进有中国特色、适应市场经济要求的社会主义现代农民的发展。

解析: 考查对大力发展农业,全面振兴农村经济问题的理解和掌握。结合材料,按照题干要求。首先,分析“三农”问题是建设全面小康社会的最大难题,着重阐述发展农业的重要性。其次,阐明发展农业和农民增收要采取的政策措施,如加强对农业的支持政策,依靠科技进步,调整农村经济结构等。

阅读理解

According to the US government, wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce 900 gig watts of electricity every year. Unfortunately, the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills(see picture)to touch bottom. An experiment under way off the coast of Norway, however, could help put them anywhere.

The project, called Hywind, is the world’s first large-scale deepwater wind turbine(涡轮发电机).Although it uses a fairly standard 152-ton,2.3-megawatt turbine, Hywind represents totally new technology. The turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar(see picture),a technology Hywind’s creator, the Norwegian company StatoilHydro, has developed recently. The steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be tied to the ocean floor by three cable(缆索);these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves. Hywind’s stability(稳定性)in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power. If all goes according to plan, the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern Norway as early as September.

To produce electricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than Hywind does, but it’s difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean. To make that turbine heavier, the whole spar’s to design a new kind of wind turbine, one whose gearbox(变速箱) sits at sea level rather than behind the blades (see picture )

Hywind is a test run, but the benefits for perfecting floating wind-farm technology could be extremely large. Out at sea, the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore, where all existing offshore windmills are planted. Deep-sea farms are invisible from land, which helps overcome the windmill-as-eyesore objection. If the technology catches on, it will open up vast areas of the planet’s surface to one of the best low-carbon power sources available.

小题1:The Hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of _______.

A.the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floor

B.the spar which is floating in deep-sea water

C.the blades driven by strong and steady sea wind

D.the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface小题2:To balance a bigger turbine high on a flatting spar, a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting ____________.

A.on the sea floor

B.on the spar top

C.at sea level

D.behind the blades小题3:Wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can ____________.

A.solve the technical problems of deepwater windmills

B.make financial profits by producing more turbines

C.settle the arguments about environmental problems

D.explore low-carbon power resources available at sea

问答题 简答题