问题 阅读理解与欣赏

诗歌鉴赏(5分)

阅读下面两首诗,回答问题

小题1:两首诗的题目相同,但作者对“柳”的态度完全不同。请根据诗意作简要说明。(2分)

小题2:咏物诗,有的有“寄托”(言在此而意在彼的表达方式,常常借物象言人事,寓事理),有的无“寄托”。上面两首诗,哪一首有“寄托”?(1 分)“寄托”的内涵是什么?(2分)

答案

小题1:贺诗着重表现“柳”的形象美,表现了诗人赞美、欣赏的态度;(1分)曾诗“倚”“狂”等词表现作者的愤怒、嘲讽、憎恶的感情。(1分)

小题1:曾诗有寄托,以“柳”比喻小人,表现他们得意忘形的丑态;用“日月”“清霜”比喻正义和清明,形象地暗示了这样的小人必将受到惩罚的规律。

小题1:题目分析:贺知章的《咏柳》诗首句“碧玉妆成一树高”是写整体,说高高的柳树像是碧玉妆饰成。用“碧玉”形容柳树的翠绿晶莹,突出它的颜色美;第二句“万条垂下绿丝绦”是写柳枝,说下垂披拂的柳枝犹如丝带万千条,突出它的轻柔美;第三句“不知细叶谁裁出”是写柳叶,突出柳叶精巧细致的形态美,表现了作者对“柳”的欣赏和赞美。曾巩的《咏柳》诗的前两句是说:当春天刚到来的时候,零乱的柳条还没来得及转变为浅淡的青黄色,它就倚仗着东风吹拂而飘忽摇摆,气势更加猖狂。诗刚开头即语带嘲讽、蔑视,它描写“乱条”如何倚仗权势,张牙舞爪,逞性妄为,似乎整个世界都是它的了,使人看到一个得志便猖狂的形象,表现了作者对“柳”的厌恶与嘲讽。

点评:解答本题时,要联系文中原句来分析。有时候作者的情感表现得很明显,有时候又很隐晦,要深入分析,才能得出结论。

小题1:题目分析:曾诗中把柳树人格化的写法,以及诗人对柳树的明显的贬抑与嘲讽,使这首诗不是纯粹地吟咏大自然中的柳树。咏柳而讽世,针对的是那些得志便猖狂的势利小人。将状物与哲理交融,含义深长,令人深思。

点评:解答本题时,要透过现象看本质,曾诗表面是写柳树的气势猖狂,而实际则是寓指像柳树一样猖獗的小人。

单项选择题
阅读理解

It seems that every week someone becomes “the first” or “the youngest” or even “the first married couple” to do something that doesn’t seem to be very useful to the rest of us.

Why do they do it? Don’t they have better things to do with their time and money? And why should I be interested anyway? Human beings have already climbed the highest mountains, sailed across the oceans and flown around the world. Many of these things were done a long, long time ago. There just isn’t anything left to explore nowadays. I suppose there’s still a lot of the universe left, and the bottom of the ocean is still a bit of a mystery, but you need a lot of technology to explore areas like that. So, those people who feel the need for adventure can only do things that have been done before.

In May of this year a British man became the first person to walk alone from Canada to the North Pole. Personally, if I wanted to visit the Arctic, I’d rather go as a tourist on a cruise ship, with a helicopter trip to the North Pole included in the price. But OK, this man decided that he wanted to walk. The problem was that he went in the spring when the ice begins to melt and break up. So he got stuck on a longely piece of ice and a plane had to be sent in to rescue him.

These sorts of rescues are making many Australians angry with these record breakers. People trying to break sailing or rowing records get into trouble in the seas. So the Australian navy has to send ships to save them and this costs the government millions of dollars. I suppose we can’t just leave them to drown but we should give the bill to the people who are rescued.

小题1:According to the author, the so-called record breakers          .

A.do not benefit other people at all

B.inspire people to continue exploring

C.are boring and should be stopped

D.are usually not wealthy enough小题2:We can infer from the second paragraph that          .

A.there are no high mountains for people to climb

B.nothing is left for people to explore in the universe

C.it’s beyond ordinary people to explore the unknown

D.human beings could fly around the world long ago小题3:Many Australians are angry because the record breakers        .

A.often get into trouble

B.never use a cruise ship or a helicopter

C.never pay their own costs

D.satisfy their needs at the cost of others’ interest小题4:What is the writer’s attitude towards the record breakers?

A.Positive.

B.Negative.

C.Uninterested.

D.Neutral(中立的).