问题 填空题

材料科学是近年来与化学有关的科学研究的重点,某新型无机非金属材料K由两种非金属元素组成,它是一种超硬物质,具有耐磨、耐腐蚀、抗冷热冲击、抗氧化等特性,它是以中学化学中的常见物质为原料来生产的。下图所示为其生产过程,其中虚线框内转化是为探究C的组成而设。已知A、B均为非金属单质,G、F、H均难溶于水且为白色粉末;图中除M、K(均含A元素)外均为中学化学常见物质:

请完成下列问题。

(1)指出K可能所属的晶体类型_________。

(2)写出化学式:单质B_________;化合物F_________。

(3)写出下列反应的离子方程式:

反应③___________________________;

反应⑤___________________________。

(4)写出反应④的化学方程式___________________________。

答案

   (1)原子晶体

(2)Cl2   H2SiO3(或H4SiO4)

(3)Cl-+Ag+AgCl↓   SiO2+2OH-+H2O

(4)3Si(NH2)4Si3N4+8NH3

   根据化合物M中A可形成四个价键知:A元素为四价元素,由虚线框中上一支推知E中有Cl-,由下一支推知F中含Al元素或Si元素,联系化合价知F中含硅元素(题目中也说明了为非金属元素),故C为SiCl4,由SiCl4+3H2O4HCl+H2SiO3,生成E:HCl,F:H2SiO3

阅读理解

Treasure hunts have excited people’s imagination for hundreds of years both in real life and in books such as Robert Louis Stevenson’s Treasure Is-land. Kit Williams, a modern writer, had the idea of combining the real excitement of a treasure hunt with clues found in a book when he wrote a children’s story, Masquerade, in 1979. The book was about a hare, and a month before it came out Williams buried a gold hare in a park in Bedfordshire. The book contained a large number of clues to help readers find the hare, but Williams put in a lot of “red herrings”, or false clues, to mislead them.

Ken Roberts, the man who found the hare, had been looking for it for nearly two years. Although he had been searching in the wrong area most of the time, he found it by logic,not by luck. His success came from the fact that he had gaine4d an important clue at the start. He had realized that the words: “One of Six to Eight” under the first picture in the book connected the hare in some way to Katherine of Aragon, the first of Henry VIII’s six wives. Even here, however, Williams had succeeded in misleading him. Ken knew that Katherine of Aragon had died at Kimbolton in Cambridgeshire in 1536 and thought that Williams had buried the hare there. He had been digging there for over a year before a new idea occurred to him. He found out that Kit Williams had spent his childhood near Ampthill, in Bedfordshire, and thought that he must have buried the hare in a place he knew well, but he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon, until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773.

Even then his search had not come to an end. It was only after he had spent several nights digging around the cross that he decided to write to Kit Williams to find out if he was wasting his time there. Williams encouraged him to continue, and on February 24th 1982, he found the treasure. It was worth 3000 in the beginning, but the excitement it had caused since its burial made it much more valuable.

小题1:Which of the following describes Roberts’ logic in searching for the hare?

A.Henry VIII’s six wives

B.Katherine’s burial place at Kimbolton

C.Williams’ childhood in Ampthill

D.Katherine of Argon小题2:What is the subject discussed in the text?

A.An exciting historical event.

B.A modern treasure hunt.

C.The attraction of Masquerade.

D.The importance of logical thinking.

单项选择题