问题 多项选择题

下列选项中那些表现了宪法的最高效力()

A、宪法是一国政治力量对比关系的全面、集中表现

B、宪法是普通法律制定的基础和依据

C、宪法是一国之内所有组织和个人的最高行为准则

D、在制定和修改的程序上,宪法较之比普通法律更为严格

答案

参考答案:B, C

解析:

法律效力是指法律所具有的约束力和强制力。宪法的最高法律效力主要包括两个方面的含义:(1)宪法是制定普通法律的依据,任何普通法律、法规都不得与宪法的原则和精神相违背。对此,我国宪法明确规定,一切法律、行政法规和地方性法规都不得同宪法相抵触。

(2)宪法是一切国家机关、社会团体和全体公民的最高行为准则。对此,我国宪法第5条规定:“一切法律、行政法规和地方性法规都不得同宪法相抵触”。“一切国家机关和武装力量、各政党和各社会团体、各企业事业组织都必须遵守宪法和法律。一切违反宪法和法律的行为,必须予以追究”。“任何组织或者个人都不得有超越宪法和法律的特权”。故选项BC正确。

单项选择题
阅读理解

For Chinese wanting to work as nurses in the United Sates, the arrival of the test of the Commission on Graduates of Foreign Nursing Schools (CGFNS) may be a welcome move.

The CGFNS has a certification programme for people wanting to work as registered nurses in the US. The first CGFNS test in China is to be held in Beijing in July. Registrations is open till April 9. According to US labour law, nurses have to pass the National Council License Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN) before they can practise. However, the NCLEX-RN is only useful in the US, making it difficult for people from other countries to get in. But, the US expects a shortage of 50,000 nurses by 2010. So, the CGFNS has not replaced the NCLEX-RN, which is still needed for work as a registered nurse in the US.

So what exactly does CGFNS do?

First of all, it helps international nurses qualify for a work visa for the US. Nurses educated abroad who do not have a US license by the NCLEX-RN, must get the CGFNS certificate. “But not everyone who gets a CGFNS certificate can get a work visa. There are many requirements for a visa, and the CGFNS is just one,” said John Ratigan, immigration officer for the CGFNS.

The certificate helps applicants meet requirements for the NCLEX-RN. Forty-two states require a CGFNS certificate from nurses educated abroad before taking the NCLEX-RN examination.

About 85 percent of those who passed the CGFNS have passed the NCLEX-RN. According to Barbara Michols, chief executive officer of CGFNS, “the CGFNS is cost-efficient for the Chinese. If they can’t pass the CGFNS here in China, their chances of passing the NCLEX-RN for the US are tiny. This saves time and money on visa applications and the long trip. ” In a word, to get a CGFNS certificate, a person must have: a credentials review, the CGFNS qualifying exam of nursing knowledge and an English language proficiency exam.

小题1:   We can infer from the text that to people hoping to work as registered nurses in the US, CGFNS tests can be taken _____.

A.nowhere but in the US

B.somewhere outside the US

C.in every country but the US

D.both in China and the US小题2: According to American labour law, people cannot work as nurses until they pass                   _____.

A.NCLEX-RN

B.CGFNS

C.CGFNS and NCLEX-RN

D.CGFNS or NCLEX-RN小题3:We can learn from the text that _____.

A.if you get a CGFNS certificate, you can pass the NCLEX-RN in the US and get visa

applications

B.if you pass the NCLEX-RN in the US, you can get a CGFNS certificate and get visa

applications

C.if you can't pass the NCLEX-RN in the US, you will not be able to pass the CGFNS

examination

D.if you get a CGFNS certificate, you will be more likely to pass the NCLEX-RN examination小题4:The sentence "CGFNS holders have a higher rate of success on the NCLEX-RN examination" can be arranged at the beginning of Paragraph _____.

A.Two

B.Four

C.Five

D.Six小题5:What is probably the best title of this passage?

A.The CGFNS helps international nurses

B.The first CGFNS test in China

C.The CGFNS and the NCLEX-RN

D.Working as registered nurses in the US