问题 阅读理解

The Segway Human Transporter was invented by Dean Kamen.It is a two-wheeled vehicle designed for a single rider standing upright over its single axle(轴) and navigate using a set of handlebars resembling those on a bicycle.Electrically powered, it could travel over 15 miles on a single charge and reach speeds up to twelve miles per hour.Its speed and direction can be controlled by riders' changing their weights.

A college dropout and self-taught engineer, Kamen already held over 100 patents for his inventions when he developed the one he hoped would revolutionize short-distance travel.While still in college, Kamen started developing the medical devices (设备) that made his name.Later, he changed focus to the challenges faced by wheelchair users.His robotic wheelchair known as IBOT could climb stairs.This robot ended up paving the way for the Segway.

Before showing his most recent invention, Kamen had kept it a top secret for months.When it turned out to be little more than a motor scooter, many publicly expressed their disappointment.On closer examination, however, even his critics(批评家) had to admit that the vehicle was an engineering achievement.It answered the prayers of anyone who is worn out when walking downtown.Not everyone welcomed the Segway's arrival, though.Some complained it was too expensive, while others said it would further weaken the average American ' s fitness.A Japanese inventor even accused Kamen of stealing the idea for the Segway from him.

Despite the controversy, the U.S.postal service began using Kamen's invention a month after its appearance, and a factory was built with plans to produce about 40,000 Segways every month.The argument is still on whether the Segway will be remembered as the greatest invention since the light bulb, or just another forgettable electronic device.Anyway, trips to the local supermarket will never be the same again.

小题1:Which statement best describes the critics' reaction to the Segway?

A.Nothing but an electrical device.

B.A disappointing engineering mistake.

C.An expensive and disappointing invention.

D.Disappointing, but still a successful device.小题2:Which is not a feature of the Segway?

A.One person at a time can ride on it.

B.It has two wheels with a single axle.

C.It is powered by electricity and can go up to 12mph.

D.Riders increase the speed by moving the handlebars小题3:Some people expressed dissatisfaction with the Segway because of its______.

A.high cost

B.danger to traffic

C.being difficult to use

D.contribution to laziness小题4:Shortly after the Segway appeared, there were _________.

A.hopes for a larger model of it

B.no plans to do anything more with it

C.some discussions on the unforgettable device

D.plans to make tens of thousands of them a month

答案

小题1:D

小题2:D

小题3:A

小题4:D

题目分析:本文讲述了Dean Kamen发明的一种交通工具。这是一个有两个轮子的、适合一个人骑行的独轮车。它的速度和方向都要靠骑行者改变重量来控制。对于这种发明人们有着褒贬不一的看法。

小题1:D细节理解题。 从文章第三段many publicly expressed their disappointment.On closer examination, however, even his critics had to admit that the vehicle was an engineering achievement可以判断这些批评家失望之余,不禁承认这是一项成就,故D选项正确.

小题2:D细节理解题。从文章第一段末句 Its speed and direction can be controlled by riders' changing their weights.可以判断D选项内容错误。

小题3:A细节理解题。从文章第三段Some complained it was too expensive可知人们对这种发明的不满是因为它的价格过高,故A选项正确。

小题4:D细节理解题。根据文章末段 a factory was built with plans to produce about 40,000 Segways every month可知D选项正确。

综合题

阅读下列材料:

材料一  “为政以德,譬如北辰,居其所而众星拱之,……为政焉用杀?子欲善为而民善也。夫仁者,己欲立而立人,己欲达而达人。己所不欲,勿施于人。”

——引自《论语》

材料二  鲁迅对孔子及儒学的评论

 评      论出     典
评孔子“孔丘先生确是伟大,生在巫鬼势力如此旺盛的时代,偏不肯随俗谈鬼神。”《再论雷峰塔的倒掉》
“孔墨都不满于现状,要加以改革。”《三闲集·流氓的变迁》
“孔夫子之在中国,是权势者所捧起来的,是那些权势者和想做权势者们的圣人”。《且介亭杂文·在现代中国的孔夫子》
评儒学(儒学是)“为了治民众者,即权势者设想的方法。”《且介亭杂文·在现代中国的孔夫子》
(儒学)“是着眼于历代封建帝王赖以维护其统治的儒家的传统——精神‘麻痹术’”《坟·春末闲谈》
材料三   启蒙思想家伏尔泰说:“在这个地球上曾有过得最幸福的、并且人们最值得尊敬的时代,那就是人们遵从孔子法规的时代。”……以儒家思想文化为武器,抨击基督教的专制。在他心目中,奉行儒家的中国是开明的专制君主制的典范,那里有真正的信仰自由,佛教、道教、喇嘛教都可以自由传道,大家相安无事,政府只管社会风化,从不规定民间的宗教信仰。他还说中国人是“所有人中最有理性的人”。……伏尔泰还看到,孔子和西方古代贤哲一样有“己所不欲,勿施于人”或“己欲立而立人,己欲达而达人”的信条,……显然,这就是“博爱”的本义,因而也就和“自由”与“平等”的信条息息相通了。

——摘自马克垚《世界文明史》

请根据材料,结合所学知识回答:

小题1:材料一反映了孔子思想的什么核心内容?(3分)

小题2:根据材料二,指出鲁迅对孔子与儒学的态度有何不同?(2分)

小题3:鲁迅与伏尔泰对儒学的看法不同的原因是什么?(4分)

多项选择题