问题 阅读理解与欣赏

文言文阅读(17)

归来见天子,天子坐明堂。策勋十二转,赏赐百千强。可汗问所欲,木兰不用尚书郎;愿驰千里足,送儿还故乡。

  爷娘闻女来,出郭相扶将;阿姊闻妹来,当户理红妆;小弟闻姊来,磨刀霍霍向猪羊。开我东阁门,坐我西阁床,脱我战时袍,著我旧时裳,当窗理云鬓,对镜帖花黄。出门看火伴,火伴皆惊忙:同行十二年,不知木兰是女郎。

  雄兔脚扑朔,雌兔眼迷离;双兔傍地走,安能辨我是雄雌?

小题1:用斜线划分朗读节奏:

可汗问所欲,木兰不用尚书郎

小题2:指出下列各句的修辞手法:

①万里赴戎机,关山度若飞(   )

②当窗理云鬓,对镜帖花黄(   )

③东市买骏马,西市买鞍鞯,南市买辔头,北市买长鞭(   )

④ * * 百战死,壮士十年归(   )

小题3:选出不是对偶句的一项(  )

A.归来见天子,天子坐明堂。   

B.策勋十二转,赏赐百千强。

C.当窗理云鬓,对镜帖花黄。

D. * * 百战死,壮士十年归。小题4:用原文填空:

①表现木兰不贪图富贵利禄的句子                               

②从侧面描写木兰战功显赫的句子是          ,             .

小题5:选出与例句中画线字的意思相同的一项。

①双兔傍地(  ) A、走马观花 B、茶走味了  C、车刚走 D、走漏消息

能辨我是雄雌?(  ) A、坐立不安 B、安敢如此 C、安的什么心 D、安营扎寨

③木兰户织(  ) A、捷报飞来当纸钱 B、当着大家谈一谈 C、他会当家 D、旗鼓相当

小题6:出自本文最后一段的成语       ,并解释在现代汉语中的意思___          _____。

答案

小题1:可汗/问/所欲,木兰/不用/尚书郎

小题2:①夸张 ②对偶,互文 ③排比 互文④对偶互文(写出一种即可得分)

小题3:A

小题4:①可汗问所欲,木兰不用尚书郎②赏赐百千强

小题5:A\B\B

小题6:扑朔迷离 形容事情错综复杂,不易看清底细。

小题1:题目分析:“可汗问所欲”“木兰不用尚书郎”中的“可汗”“木兰”都是主语,应停顿,如果各画一处,就在主谓间停顿。“问”“不用”都是谓语动词,与后面的宾语也可画开。

点评:首先要了解语句的大意,课外的文言语句,要放到语境中,根据上下文推断出其意思。一般在主谓之间、动宾之间、较长的修饰语与中心事之间停顿。

小题2:题目分析:第一个句子中的“万里”“若飞”表明是夸张的修辞。第二个句子是工整的对偶,同时也是互文。第三个句子是明显的排比。第四个句子既是对偶也是互文。

点评:常见的修辞方法有:比喻、拟人、夸张、反问、设问、排比等,我们不仅要了解它们各自的特征,还要能够一眼就能发现这些特征,做出准确的判断,不仅如此,还要会结合语境作正确的赏析。

小题3:题目分析:“归来见天子,天子坐明堂”中上句是“归来”,下句是“天子”,不对应,整体上看,是顶真的修辞手法。

点评:对偶是工整的对仗,讲究上下两句的字数相同,词性相对,内容相关,停顿相谐。我们不仅要知道其特征,还要会运用。

小题4:题目分析:在审清题干的基础上,理解文章内容,从文章中提取出相关语句。只要符合题干要求即可。其中,第二个有一定的难度,即“侧面”。审清这一点,题目就不难完成了。

点评:首先要在审题的基础上找到相关语句,然后根据对大意的理解,把切题的语句提取筛选出来作答。

小题5:题目分析:“走”是跑的意思,“走马观花”中的“走”与之相同。“安”是怎么的意思,“安敢”中的“安”意思相同。“当”是对,对着。介词,与“当着大家的面”中的“当”相同。知道字的意思,将其意思放到各个选项中衡量一下即可选出正确答案。

点评:文言词语,包括实词和虚词两类。文言词语的考查以实词据多。考查的词语,一般为通假字、多义词、古今异义词、词性活用词等。当然仍以课文下面的注解为主。学习中要注意理解,避免死记硬背,并做到重点突破,对于易错、易混词要加以积累。

小题6:题目分析:“扑朔迷离”是出自本文中的重要成语,它出自“雄兔脚扑朔,雌兔眼迷离”一句,形容事情错综复杂,不易看清底细。在学习的过程中,要有所积累并识记。

点评:平时要培养对各类知识的兴趣,如故事传说、名人名言、成语佳句、俗语谚语、诗词名句、歌谣童谣等,要在学习、生活中多留意,并随手记录下来,这样,考试时遇到这类的题目就不会无答案可写了。

单项选择题

St. Patrick’s Day is celebrated on March 17, his religious feast day and the anniversary of his death in the fifth century. Legend has it that this patron saint had given a sermon from a hilltop that drove all the snakes from Ireland. He also used the three-leafed shamrock to represent the Trinity how the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit could all exist as separate elements of the same entity—and converted the pagans to Christianity. The Irish have observed this day as a religious holiday for hundreds of years. People wear green in memory of the Emerald Isle and wear shamrocks.

The first St. Patrick’s Day parade, however, took place not in Ireland, but in the United States. Irish soldiers serving in the English military marched through New York City on March 17, 1762. Along with their music, the parade helped the soldiers, as well as fellow Irishmen serving in the English army, to reconnect with their Irish roots.

Over the next thirty-five years, Irish patriotism among American immigrants flourished, prompting the rise of so-called "Irish Aid" societies, like the Friendly Sons of Saint Patrick and the Hibernian Society. Each group would hold annual parades featuring bagpipes (which actually first became popular in the Scottish and English armies) and drums.

Up until the mid-nineteenth century, most Irish immigrants in America were members of the Protestant middle class. When the Great Potato Famine hit Ireland in 1845, close to a million poor, uneducated, Catholic Irish began to pour into America to escape starvation. Despised for their religious beliefs and funny accents by the American Protestant majority, the immigrants had trouble finding even menial jobs. When Irish Americans in the country’s cities took to the streets on St. Patrick’s Day to celebrate their heritage, newspapers portrayed them in cartoons as drunk, violent monkeys.

However, the Irish soon began to realize that their great numbers endowed them with a political power that had yet to be exploited. They started to organize, and their voting block, known as the "green machine," became an important swing vote for political hopefuls. Suddenly, annual St. Patrick’s Day parades became a show of strength for Irish Americans, as well as a must-attend event for a slew of political candidates. In 1948, President Truman attended New York City’s St. Patrick’s Day parade, a proud moment for the many Irish whose ancestors had to fight stereotypes and racial prejudice to find acceptance in America.

The Irish community began to gain more attention later mainly because ().

A. newspapers portrayed them in cartoons as drunk, violent monkeys

B. they were reported to have difficulties in finding even menial jobs

C. politicians grew increasingly aware of their power of voting

D. President Truman once attended the St. Patrick’s Day parade

单项选择题