问题 改错题

阅读材料回答问题:(7分)

罢丞相不设,析中书省之政归六部,以尚书任天下事,侍郎(副)之。而殿阁大学士只备顾问,帝方自操威柄,学士鲜(少)所参决。……外设都、布、按三司,分隶兵刑钱谷,其考核则听于府部。   ──引自某史书《职官志》

⑴这是哪一朝代官制的变化?文中的“帝”指谁?(2分)

⑵材料中的“六部”指哪六部?(3分)

⑶材料中的“帝方自操威柄”是什么意思?(1分)

⑷上述史料所说的机构变化起了什么作用?(1分) 

答案

⑴明朝; 明太祖(朱元璋)

⑵吏部、户部、礼部、兵部、刑部、工部

⑶全国军政大权集于皇帝一人。

⑷明朝君主专制空前加强。

题目分析:(1)本题考查的是明朝加强中央集权的内容。由“罢丞相、殿阁大学士只备顾问、设都、布、按三司。”等关键词或关键句,知道这是明太祖时期,为加强君权而采取的措施,即在地方,废除行中书省,设立直属中央的三司,分管民政、刑狱和军政;在中央,废除丞相,撤销中书省,由六部分理朝政,直接对皇帝负责。

(2)本题考查的是明朝君权加强的内容。明太祖即位后,为加强君权,改革行政机构,在中央,废除丞相,撤销中书省,由吏、户、礼、兵、刑、工六部分理朝政,六部直接对皇帝负责。

(3)本题考查的是明朝君主集权加强的内容。材料中的“帝方自操威柄”是指全国的军政大权都集中到皇帝手中。明朝初年,为加强君主集权,改革行政机构,在地方废行省,设三司;在中央,废丞相,权分六部;设厂卫特务;八股取士等,将全国的军政大权都集中到皇帝手中。

(4)本题考查的是明朝君主集权加强的内容。材料中提到:在中央,罢丞相,撤中书省,由六部分理朝政;在地方,设三司,分管民政、刑狱和军政等措施的实行,其结果是将全国的军政大权都集中到皇帝手中,使明朝君主专制空前加强。

单项选择题

It’s not easy to be an astronaut’s son. Everybody expects you to be special or perfect. I often wonder how my father ever had a son like me. I mean he’s so special and so good at everything he does. Even in middle school he was class president and captain of the football team.
Well, to be honest, I often dream about being some kind of hero or doing something special-like saving a child from a burning building or discovering a new star. I was daydreaming at school one morning when my teacher said there would be a Father’s Day writing competition for the whole school. "I hope we have a winner right here in my class. "
When I got home, I started to think about what to write. My father is an astronaut. No, I wouldn’t start like that. That was the way others saw him. How did I see my father Hmm.
I saw him sitting with me in the dark when I had a terrible dream. I remembered how he hugged me for hours when my dog Spotty was killed by a car. Yes, these were the things I was going to write. To me, he wasn’t just a world-famous astronaut. He was my dad.
My parents and I went to school Thursday night. There were so many people in the big hall! My dad looked at me, and I shrugged (耸肩).
The third prize was announced and it was not me. I was relieved (释然) and disappointed at the same time. The second prize was announced. It was me.
I went up to the stage and read what I had written, My Father’s Son. When I finished, the people stood up and cheered. I saw my father blowing his nose. Tears were running down my mother’s face. Dad cleared his throat and put his hand on my shoulder. "Son, this is the proudest moment of my life. "
It was the proudest moment of my life, too. Maybe I’ll never be a great hero or win a Nobel Prize, but it was enough just to be my father’s son.

The writer felt it ______ to be the son of a famous person.

A. lucky

B. natural

C. hard

D. pleasant

单项选择题