问题 综合

(28分)阅读下面材料,回答问题。

材料一:西南茶区(图)是中国最古老的茶区。茶树品种资源丰富,有灌木型和小乔木型茶树,部分地区还有乔木型茶树。主产红茶、绿茶、沱茶、紧压茶和普洱茶等。

材料二:茶马古道是一个非常特殊的地域称谓,是指存在于中国西南地区,以马帮为主要交通工具的民间商贸通道。它既是中国西南民族经济文化交流的走廊,也是一条世界上自然风光最壮观,文化最为神秘的旅游绝品线路,蕴藏着开发不尽的文化遗产。2005年秋季,新华社组织部分记者分别沿滇藏和川藏两条线路进入西藏,对茶马古道进行调研采访,图为采访路线图。

(1)茶马古道起源于唐宋时期的“茶马互市”。结合材料和所学知识,分析藏区与西南其他地区茶马交易的原因。(10分)

(2)分析西南茶区茶树品种丰富的自然原因。(6分)

(3)古代马帮运送茶叶到西藏地区会遇到哪些困难?(8分)

(4)列举滇藏茶马古道沿线壮观的自然风光、神秘的文化旅游资源各一例。(4分)

答案

(1)藏区属高寒地区,蔬菜缺乏,奶肉是藏民的主食(2分)。茶叶既能够分解脂肪,又防止燥热,且储存时间长(2分),故藏民喜喝酥油茶,但藏区不产茶(2分)。而在内地,民间役使和军队征战都需要大量的骡马(2分),而藏区和川、滇边地则产良马(2分)。

(2)纬度低,地跨热带、亚热带(2分);地形崎岖,起伏大,气候垂直变化显著(2分);冬季温暖,夏季不热,雨量充沛(2分);土壤较好,适合茶树生长(2分)。(答对三点即可)

(3)地形复杂,地势起伏大,山高谷深(2分);多暴雨,多滑坡、泥石流等灾害(2分);高原地区高寒缺氧(2分),太阳辐射强(2分)等。

(4)三江并流(2分)、布达拉宫(2分)等

题目分析:

(1)解答本题最关键的是掌握西南区和藏区区域特点;从题干可知西南茶区是中国最古老的茶区。而茶叶既能够分解脂肪,又防止燥热,且储存时间长,臧民需求量大;而藏区畜牧业独具特色,源远流长,,产良马,供应给内地。

(2)树种的类型,跟所处地区自然条件有关,自然条件主要分析:地形、气候、土壤;结合所学知识分析,我国西南地区纬度低,热量好,冬季温暖,夏季不热,雨量充沛;地形崎岖,垂直分异明显;土壤适合茶树生长,所以茶树品种丰富。

(3)古代马帮运送茶叶到西藏地区,主要考虑沿途的地形、气候、地质状况;西藏大体分三个不同的自然区:藏北高原区,藏南谷地区,藏东高山峡谷区,地形复杂,地势起伏大,山高谷深;多暴雨,多滑坡、泥石流等灾害;气候类型复杂,垂直变化大 ,空气稀薄,气压低,含氧量少; 太阳辐射强,日照时间长,年平均日照时数达3021小时;

(4)茶马古道是一个非常特殊的地域称谓,是一条世界上自然风光最壮观,文化最为神秘的旅游绝品线路,它蕴藏着开发不尽的文化遗产。蕴藏着三江并流、高山峡谷、神山圣水、地热温泉,野花遍地的牧场、炊烟袅袅的帐篷,以及古老的本教仪轨、藏传佛教寺庙塔林、年代久远的摩崖石刻、古色古香的巨型壁画,还有色彩斑斓的风土民情等丰富的自然和人文旅游资源。

阅读理解

Directions: Read the following passage, Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.

                                                                    Secret Santas

     On Christmas morning, Linda wakes up, and tries to imagine the wide-eyed surprise of children in another

household as they unwrap the presents she carefully chose for them. Linda has never met the children, but that's

all part of the joy of giving as secret Santas, she says.

     "It's an amazing feeling to buy gifts on an anonymous (匿名的) basis," says Linda. "It brings a whole new

meaning to the holidays."

     Linda and Tony are an American couple living in Toronto, Canada, and Linda did charitable work as a

member of the American Women's Club of Toronto. As the name suggests, members are U.S. citizens living in

Toronto, who join together for fellowship and community service.

     To find her "adopted" family, Linda goes to the local schools and requests a wish list for a family that's

struggling to survive. Last year she helped a single mother with three children. The mother works as a cleaning

lady in a nursing home.

     "The list is always heartbreaking. They have an opportunity to ask for anything and do just the opposite,

asking for basic clothes or simple toys," she says. "We always buy the kids a new winter coat, hats, and gloves."

She also buys gifts for the parents.

     Last year Linda asked the mother for a second wish list-one that didn't include the basics. "Every child

should have a Christmas that sticks with them for a lifetime." She purchased iPods for the two older children

and a video game system for the youngest. "I have learned a very valuable lesson in all of this," says Linda. "Pay

attention to what's going on in your own backyard-no matter where you live."

     The joy of giving as secret Santas is much sweeter when the gift is anonymous.

1. What reactions does Linda imagine the children will have? (No more than 5 words)

    ______________________________________________________________________________

2. Why did Linda join the American Women's Club of Toronto? (No more than 10 words)

    ______________________________________________________________________________

3. Why did Linda ask for a second wish list? (No more than 15 words)

    ______________________________________________________________________________

4. What kind of people does "secret Santas" in the passage refer to? (No more than 12 words)

    ______________________________________________________________________________

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