问题 问答题

同学们在学习“阿基米德原理”这节课上.仔细观察了老师所做的演示实验(如图1所示).课后复习时.物理兴趣小组的同学们,经过反复的思考、讨论,提出了对该实验的改进意见,并动手制作出了如图2所示的实验装置,其中A、B为两个规格相同的弹簧秤,C为重物,D为薄塑料袋(质量不计),E是用废弃的大号饮料瓶、带孔橡皮塞以及弯曲玻管自制的溢水杯,杯中加入红色的水,F是升降平台(摇动手柄,可使平台高度缓慢上升、下降),G为铁架台.

(1)实验中.同学们逐渐调高平台F,使重物浸入水中的体积越来越大,观察到弹簧秤A的示数______;弹簧秤B的示数______(选填“增大”、“减小”或“不变”).比较弹簧秤A的示数变化量FA′和弹簧秤B的示数变化量FB’,它们的大小关系是FA′______FB′(迭填“>”、“<”或“=”),

(2)通过分析,你认为应提醒兴趣小组的同学在操作时要注意什么问题?(请写出两条)

①______;

②______.

(3)对比图1、图2的两组实验,改进后的实验与原实验比较有哪些优点?(请写出三条)

①______;

②______;

③______.

答案

(l)由分析知弹簧称A和弹簧秤B的示数变化都是由重物排出水的多少决定,只是弹簧秤A的示数随着排出水的增加而减小,弹簧秤B的示数随着排出水的增加而增大.而弹簧秤A 增加的和弹簧秤B减少的相等.

故本题的答案为:减小,增大,=

(2)实验中注意的事项应该从所用器材分析.

故本题答案为:

①弹簧秤使用前要调零;

②待弹簧秤示数稳定后再读数;

③尽最避免玻管与塑料袋间有作用力;

④玻管不能浸人塑料袋里的水中;

⑤平台高度的调节只能越来越高,让物体浸入液体的部分越来越大;

⑥溢水杯中加水时,使水面略超过溢水口处.滥出的水用玻璃杯承接.水断流后移走杯;

正确均给分

(3)对比图1、图2的两组实验可知:图2的实验中,把水变为红色是为了增加可见度;

使用可调节的平台,可以形象观察到物体排出液体体积的增大;

使用铁架台是为了固定弹簧秤方便老师讲解.

故本题答案为:①溢水杯中加红色水,增加可见度;

②能同时显示出物体所受的浮力大小和物体排开液体的重力大小;

③两节平台F的高度.可观察到物体受到的浮力随排开液休的体积的增大而增大;

④弹簧上端有铁架台固定,弹簧秤示数更稳定;

⑤薄塑料袋不计质量,弹簧秤B的示数直接反映物休所受的浮力大小

⑥上课时不用老师拎着弹簧秤读数.便于老师的讲解.

正确均给分

阅读理解

下面是一篇应用文及其应用场合,请阅读下列应用文和相关信息,并按照要求匹配信息。

首先,请阅读下列应用文:

A.Great Swimming Adventures

If you’re a keen swimmer, this could be for you — great swimming adventures around the world including swimming in the Bay of Islands in New Zealand, the Greek Cyclades islands, or with seals in the Hebrides.

B.The Magic of Romania’s Mountains on Foot — & with a Donkey

Explore the fantastic scenery, sites and sounds f the Apuseni Mountains in Romania on a walking and hiking holiday. Suitable for families and groups. The holidays are accompanied with one donkey per adult to carry luggage!

C.Vocation, Vocation

Why not test-drive your dream job on your holiday? It could be the start of a whole range of different opportunities. Travel to the USA, where jobs to try include a sports announcer in Tennessee, a boot maker in Oklahoma or an architect in Boston.

D..Out of space

Get a unique insight into space with a visit to Russia on a space tour — including a visit to the Star City Training Center, where astronauts are trained. The itinerary (行程) is tailored to meet your interests — an incredible experience for any space fans.

E.Go Wild on an Art Safari

Perfect for art lovers, this is a painting holiday in a fantastically unspoiled setting — Malawi. With good tuition and surrounded by the beautiful scenery, sites and sounds of this African country art holidays don’t get much better.

F.Exploring the Deep Blue Sea

If you love the ocean why not take a deep water expedition, with trips in submersibles (潜水器) to wrecks (失事船) such as the Bismark, the Titanic and the HMS Breadalbane under the Arctic. Plus see amazing marine life — for holidays offering real adventure these are hard to beat.

请阅读以下度假者的信息,然后匹配他或她适合的假期生活:

小题1: Glen has always shown his strong attraction to the sea. His father used to be a sailor and often tells him some interesting stories on wrecks. Glen wishes he would become a sailor just like his father and that he could take real water adventures some day. Perhaps he will have a chance to refloat those famous wrecks in history.

小题2: Melvin, a born “artist”, enjoys painting very much. His parents give him much support and encourage him to study hard so as to be successful as painter.

小题3:While others go to school by bike or by bus, Wendy always goes to school on foot, which she thinks is important and necessary to keep fit. This summer, her family are planning to take a holiday abroad without taking any vehicles. The destination is likely to be a country of southeast Europe to enjoy the beautiful scenery there.

小题4:Boris is always dreaming of flying to the moon one day in the future. He always worships those who have ever had an adventure in space. Of course, it is, as he himself knows, not so easy to realize such a big dream, for that needs to be athletic enough to get trained in all ways before going into space.

小题5:Emma likes drawing very much, but she has hardly considered to be an artist one day. Instead, she wishes to be admitted to a famous university and learn the science of designing and constructing buildings, which also needs one’s ability of drawing.

问答题