问题 问答题

一、肝脏触诊和肝上下径叩诊测量。

答案

参考答案:

解析:(1)肝脏触诊 ①告之患者体位正确:被检查者仰卧,两膝关节屈曲,检查者立于被检查者的右侧。 ②单手触诊:检查者将右手四指并拢,掌指关节伸直,与肋缘大致平行地放在被检查者右上腹部或脐右侧,估计肝下缘的下方。随被检查者呼气时,手指压向腹深部,再次吸气时,手指向前上迎触下移的肝缘。如此反复进行中手指不能离开腹壁并逐渐向肝缘滑动,直到触及肝缘或肋缘为止。 ③双手触诊:检查者右手位置同单手触诊法,而左手托住被检查者右腰部,拇指张开置于肋部,触诊时左手向上托推,使肝下缘紧贴腹壁下移,并限制右下胸扩张,以增加膈下移的幅度,可提高触诊的效果。 (2)肝上下径叩诊测量方法正确 ①沿锁骨中线,由肺区向下叩至腹部。当由清音转至浊音时即为肝上界。 ②测量肝上界(该肋间上缘)至肝下缘(或肋缘)的垂直距离。 (3)提问(2个) ①肝上下径正常值是多少 答:9~11cm。 ②右肋缘下触及肝缘时要注意哪些内容 答:肝缘距肋缘的距离,肝脏表面质地、光滑度、有无结节、压痛。

阅读理解

Believe it or not,the ability to choose is the power to change.If you can choose to live your life differently,will you be the same person?

Well,choosing to do the following few “simple”things will help to change your life.

Review your life.Take time to go through your life and ask yourself, “If I do the same thing I do every day,will there be a change?If I want to change,where will my first step be?”

Make careful choices.Choose exactly what you wish to get to live your life;describe and think what you really want

Keep up with chances.Find out about the possibilities and ways that can make you move toward your goals,write them down and see which one suits you most.

Get down to business.Start working on your goals.People may bring you down;you may have difficulties;you will fail and want to give up.But the most important thing is never to give up.

If you try these “simple”things,you will find that success is something for everyone,and you will finally become what you want to be.Remember,success is more than what you hold in your hands;It is something from the heart.

小题1:How many pieces of advice does the writer give on changing one’s life?

A.Three

B.Four

C.Five

D.Six小题2:Once you get down to business,the most important thing is to         .

A.see possibilities

B.set goals

C.ask for help

D.keep on trying小题3:The underlined word “it”in the last paragraph refers to            .

A.choice

B.change

C.success

D.life小题4:This passage mainly discusses the relationship between           .

A.choice and change

B.power and life

C.choice and difficulties

D.power and success

计算题