问题 实验题

某同学用如图所示装置验证动量守恒定律,用轻质细线将小球1悬挂于O点,使小球1的球心到悬点O的距离为L,被碰小球2放在光滑的水平桌面上.将小球1从右方的A点(OA与竖直方向的夹角为α)由静止释放,摆到最低点时恰与小球2发生正碰,碰撞后,小球1继续向左运动到C位置(OC与竖直方向夹角为θ),小球2落到水平地面上,落点D到桌面边缘水平距离为s,已知重力加速度为g.

答案

(1)实验中已经测得上述物理量中的θ、、L、s以及小球1的质量m1和、小球2的质量m2,为了验证两球碰撞过程动量守恒,还应该测量的物理量有________________.(2)请用测得的物理量结合已知物理量分别表示碰撞前后小球1的动量:p1=____________,p1′=____________;再用物理量表示碰撞前后小球2的动量:p2=____________,p2′=____________(1)桌面高度h。(2)

0;

题目分析::(1)为了验证两球碰撞过程动量守恒,需要测量两小球的质量,小球1质量,小球2质量,小球1碰撞前后的速度可以根据机械能守恒定律测出,所以还需要测量OC与OB夹角,需要通过平抛运动测量出小球2碰后的速度,需要测量水平位移S和桌面的高度h.

(2)小球从A处下摆过程只有重力做功,机械能守恒,由机械能守恒定律得:

,解得.则

小球A与小球B碰撞后继续运动,在A碰后到达最左端过程中,机械能再次守恒,

由机械能守恒定律得:,解得,则.碰前小球B静止,则;碰撞后B球做平抛运动,水平方向:,竖直方向,联立解得,则碰后B球的动量

完形填空

阅读表达(共7小题,67题2分,其余各题每题3分,满分20分)请将答案写在题纸上。阅读下面的短文,并根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题后的字数要求)。

[1]When children go to camp, they are on their own, sometimes for the very first time in their lives. They have to decide what to wear , what to eat and which activities to participate in . As a result they develop confidence and independence.

[2]As self-respect develops from learning to be on their own, children continues to try new activities . Also it is possible that they will engage in what they are unfamiliar with. In school, children do not experience success in the same way. Camp can be a school without failure because just having fun makes them a success.

[3] One of the greatest benefits of a camp experience is that children develop social skills. In camp setting, a good counselor(顾问) will make sure that every camper is included in the activity and that each child interacts with the others in a positive way. They learn to give and take, and they learn how to work and cooperate, Something as simple as clean-up , is not only there to get the cabin clean, but to promote a team atmosphere of working sogether which in turn results in friendship.

[4] The obvious benefit of camp is that campers make long lasting friendships .These friendships can often be unique and special because campers are living with each other and see the true personalities. Children learn to see others from a different viewpoint. Children tend to be accepted for who they are and do not have to be concerned about what they wear, what they are good at and how they look. This is because in a camp setting , respect and caring finally win out over materialistic(唯物的)objectives.

[5] In a word, camp does give children fun, friends and fulfillment.

小题1:What is the passage mainly about?(No more that 10 words)

____________________________________________________________________________

小题2:The underlined phrase“on their own”in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by    .(No more than one word)

____________________________________________________________________________

小题3:According to Paragraph 2, what makes camping different from a school?(No more than one word)

____________________________________________________________________________

小题4:What is the main idea of Paragraph 3 ?(No more than 10 words)

____________________________________________________________________________

小题5:According to paragraph 4 ,why can camping improve friendship?(No more than 15 words)

____________________________________________________________________________

小题6:Explain the underlined sentence in Paragraph3.

____________________________________________________________________________

小题7:According to the author, what can children get from camping?(No more than 4 words)

单项选择题