问题 单项选择题

阅读下面短文,回答文后问题。
寂寞是一种清福。我在小小的书斋里,焚起一炉香,袅袅的一缕烟线笔直地上升,一直戳到顶棚,好像屋里的空气是绝对的静止,我的呼吸都没有搅动出一点波澜似的。我独自暗暗地望着那条烟线发怔。屋外庭院中的紫丁香还带着不少嫣红焦黄的叶子,枯叶乱枝的声响可以很清晰地听到,先是一小声清脆的折断声,然后是撞击着枝干的磕碰声,最后是落到空阶上的拍打声。这时节,我感到了寂寞。在这寂寞中我意识到了我自己的存在——片刻的孤立的存在。这种境界并不太易得,与环境有关,更与心境有关。寂寞不一定要到深山大泽里去寻求,只要内心清净,随便在市廛里,陋巷里,都可以感觉到一种空灵悠逸的境界,所谓“心远地自偏”是也。在这种境界中,我们可以在想像中翱翔,跳出尘世的渣滓,与古人同游。所以我说,寂寞是一种清福。
在礼拜堂里我也有过同样的经验。在伟大庄严的教堂里,从彩色玻璃窗透进一股不很明亮的光线,沉重的琴声好像是把人的心都洗淘了一番似的,我感到了我自己的渺小。这渺小的感觉便是我意识到我自己存在的明证。因为平常连这一点点渺小之感都不会有的!
但是寂寞的清福是不容易长久享受的。它只是一瞬间的存在。世界有太多的东西不时地提醒我们,提醒我们一件煞风景的事实:我们的两只脚是踏在地上的呀!一只苍蝇撞在玻璃窗上挣扎不出去,一声“老爷太太可怜可怜我这个瞎子吧”,都可以使我们从寂寞中间一头栽出去,栽到苦恼烦躁的漩涡里去。至于“催租吏”一类的东西打上门来,或是“石壕吏”之类的东西半夜捉人,其足以使人败兴生气,就更不待言了。这还是外界的感触,如果自己的内心先六根不净,随时都意马心猿,则虽处在最寂寞的境地里,他也是慌成一片,忙成一团,六神无主,暴跳如雷,他永远不得享受寂寞的清福。
如此说来,所谓寂寞不即是一种唯心论,一种逃避现实的现象吗也可以说是。
一个高韬隐遁的人,在从前的社会里还可以存在,而且还颇受人敬重,在现在的社会里是绝对的不可能。现在似乎只有两种类型的人了,一是在现实的泥溷中打转的人;一是偶然也从泥溷中昂起头来喘口气的人。寂寞便是供人喘息的几口新空气。喘几口气之后还得耐心地低头钻进泥溷里去。所以我对于能够昂首物外的举动并不愿再多苛责。逃避现实,如果现实真能逃避,吾寤寐以求之!有过静坐经验的人该知道,最初努力把握着自己的心,叫它什么也不想,而是多么困难的事!那是强迫自己人于寂寞的手段,所谓参掸入定完全属于此类。我所赞美的寂寞,稍异于是。我所谓的寂寞,是随缘偶得,无需强求,一刹间的妙悟也不嫌短,失掉了也不必怅惘。但是我有一刻寂寞,我要好好地享受它。
(梁实秋《寂寞》,选自《梁实秋文集》,鹭江出版社,2002)

作者所说的“寂寞”是指:

A.寂寞是一种值得享受的清福。

B.寂寞是意识到自己的存在和渺小。

C.寂寞是不为外物所困扰,保持自我和内心宁静的一种心境。

D.寂寞是逃避现实的唯心论,是高韬隐遁。

答案

参考答案:C

解析: 从文中“寂寞不一定要到深山大泽里去寻求,只要内心清净,随便在市廛里,陋巷里,都可以感觉到一种空灵悠逸的境界,所谓‘心远地自偏’是也”可知。故选C。

单项选择题

Many researchers have found greater dependence and obedience in very young girls, greater autonomy and activity in boys. When a barrier is set up to separate children from their mothers, boys try to knock it down; girls cry helplessly. There is little doubt that mother’s encouragement or discouragement—of such behavior plays a major role in determining adult personality. For example, a mother often stimulates male autonomy by throwing a toy far away from her young son, thus silently suggesting to him that he leaves her to get it.
Animal studies suggest that there may be a biological factor in material behavior; mothers of some monkeys punish their male babies earlier and more often than their female offspring; they also touch their female babies more often and act more protectively toward them.
As for the controversial question of female "passivity", psychologist Helen Deutsh believes that the concept has been misunderstood. "There is no contradiction between being feminine and working. The self can be active in both men and women," she says. It is only in love and sex that passivity is particularly appropriate for women. As she sees it, passivity is no more than a king of openness and warmth; it does not mean "inactivity of emptiness".
Another controversy ranges over the effect of hormones. Aggressive women; who discount hormonal influence, disagree violently with scientific researchers, who almost unanimously agree that hormones help determine how people feel and act. So far, there have been few studies of male hormones, but scientists think they may eventually discover hormonal cycles in men that produce cyclic changes in mood and behavior. As for females, studies have indicated that 49 percent of female medical and surgical admissions, most psychiatric hospital admission and 62 percent of violent crimes among women prisoners are related with hormonal cycles in women.

According to Helen, the word "passivity" underlined in Paragraph 3 means ______ .

A.passive to workmates

B.passive to lovers
C.selfness and indifference

D.dullness and keeping to oneself

单项选择题 A1型题