问题 阅读理解

SHANGHAI-Famed Chinese scientist Qian Weichang died here on Friday morning, saddening millions of his countrymen.

He was 98.

Qian, a pioneer in mechanics and applied mathematics in modern China, was one of the three famous "Qians" in China's science and technology field. He was well known alongside Qian Xuesen, the father of China's space program, and Qian Sanqiang, a nuclear physicist who oversaw the development of China's nuclear program.

Wu Shuqing, former president of Peking University, said Qian was an internationally well-known scholar whose modesty and conduct has set a good example for following generations.

After learning about Qian's death, millions of Chinese people offered their condolences (吊唁) online.

Many students from Shanghai University, where Qian was a former president, burst into tears after hearing the news, saying it was a great loss to the university and to China.

For those off campus for the summer vocation, many visited their university website, which had been turned gray. Some said they planned to return to the campus to mourn him.

Many of those still on campus voluntarily joined preparations for a mourning (哀悼) service that will begin at the university on Saturday.

The university has set up two mourning halls at two of its campuses and publicized the mourning time and phone numbers at the two sites.

Qian was born in Wuxi, Jiangsu, in 1912. Although he was initially not good at science, he chose to study physics at Tsinghua University because he believed science and technology were the keys to strengthening China in the 1930s.

He graduated from Tsinghua in 1935, and earned his PhD in applied mathematics from the University of Toronto in Canada in 1942.

He returned to China in 1946 and became a mechanics professor and later vice-president at Tsinghua University.

Qian made great contributions to the engineering applications of sciences, such as the fluttering of airplanes, armor penetration, the design of instruments and pipe systems.

He is an academician (院士) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

36. Qian Weichang used to work at ______.

A. Tsinghua University and Peking University

B. Shanghai University and Toronto University

C. Peking University and Shanghai University

D. Tsinghua University and Shanghai University

37. According to the passage, the students expressed their sadness to Qian's death in the following ways EXCEPT that they ______.

A. held mourning meetings in the university

B. could not stop crying for losing him

C. went to the university to mourn him themselves

D. offered their help to the mourning service

38. The passage tells us that ______ made Qian Weichang aim at science in his university time.

A. his talents at study

B. his failures at science

C. the family's expectation

D. his love to the country

39. Which of the following statements is WRONG according to the passage?

A. Qian Weichang graduated from Tsinghua University.

B. Qian Weichang used to work side by side with Qian Xuesen and Qian Sanqiang.

C. Qian Weichang spent at least four years studying and living abroad.

D. Qian Weichang was not good at science before he went to university.

40. What is the best title of this passage?

A. Respected Scientist Passes on at 98

B. The Great Life of the Scientist-Qian Weichang

C. The Whole Nation Mourn Qian Weichang

D. A 98-year Old Man Passed in Shanghai

答案

小题1:D

小题2:A

小题3:D

小题4:B

小题5:A

单项选择题

阅读下面的文字,完成下列各题。

尽管具有人类学意义的工作相当卖老——有两个例子,古希腊历史学家罗多德,或北非学者阿拉伯•英布•卡尔顿,在公元前5世纪和公元14世纪撰写的对他人的描述——但作为独立研究领域的人类学是相对晚近的西方文明的产物。例如,在美国,学院或大学(在罗彻斯特大学)普通人类学含学分的第一次课程直到 1879年才开设。倘若人们一直关心他们自己及其起源,以及其他人,那么为什么成体系的人类学学科这么长时间才问世呢

这一问题的答案就像人类历史一样复杂。在某种程度上说,它与人类的技术局限有关。在大部分历史中,人们一直受限于他们的地理范围。没有到世界遥远地方旅行的手段,对远远不同于人们自己的文化和民族的观察是艰难的——如果不是不可能的话——冒险。大范围的旅行通常是少数人独享的特权;只有当适当的运输和通信方式得到发展,对其他民族和文化的研究才盛行;

这并不是说,人们一直没有注意到世界上与他们自己在看法和行为上不同的其他民族的存在。例如,圣经引日约全书》与《新约全书》充分提到各种各样的民族,其中有犹太人、埃及人、赫梯人、巴比伦人、埃塞俄比亚人、罗马人,等等。这些民族之间的差异,比之他们中任何人与澳大利亚、亚马孙森林、北极的北美原住民等的差异,就显得逊色了,借助于向真正遥远地方旅行的手段,人们有可能第一镒遇到这类根本不同的民族。正是与迄今未知民族的大量接触——这开始于欧洲人试图把其贸易和政治统治扩大到世界各地之时——人们的注意力才集中于人类各种各样的差异。

使人类学缓慢成长的另一个重要因素是,欧洲人只是逐渐认识到,在所有这些差异的掩饰下,他们可能与任何地方的人共享基本的“人性”。不与欧洲人共享基本文化价值的社会被贴上“未开化的”或“野蛮的”标签。直到18世纪中叶,相当多的欧洲人才开始认为这类人的行为与对他们自身的理解是完全相关的。这样一个时代到来了:人们越来越努力根据自然法来解释事情,对以权威文本为根据的传统解释表示怀疑,对人类多样性的兴趣日渐浓厚。

下面不属于导致人类学缓慢成长的原因的一项是()。

A.广阔的地理范围,造成交往的局限。

B.落后的旅行手段,造成沟通的不便。

C.显著的民族差异,导致理解的困难,

D.迟缓的认识发展,导致研究的滞后。

单项选择题