问题 解答题

某同学用显微镜观察自制的血涂片,请根据所学知识回答以下问题:

(1)如图(一)是推血涂片的几种方法,其中正确的是______

(2)如图(二)中的A、B、C是视野中观察到的三种血细胞,其中能起止血作用的是______.

(3)如果图(二)是低倍镜下的观察图象,现在该同学想进一步用高倍镜观察图(二)中的图象A,你认为他最先要做的一步是______

(4)图(三)是用显微镜观察装片时常见的两种情况,你认为Ⅰ和Ⅱ两种情况下,观察范围内细胞个体较小的是______,视野较暗的是______.

答案

(1)沾一滴血在干净载玻片右端,取一边缘光滑平齐的玻片作为推片,推片与载片约成20~30°,并与血滴接触,使血滴在玻片边缘散开,迅速将玻片推向左方.作成一均匀和厚度适中的血涂片.故丙正确.

(2)图(二)中B血小板能止血和加速凝血.

(3)我们在显微镜下看到的物像是上下左右均颠倒的物像,所以我们移动玻片标本时,标本移动的方向正好与物像移动的方向相反.如我们向右移动玻片标本,而在显微镜内看到的物像则是向左移动的.所以A物像位于视野左上方,要想把它移到视野中央,应该向左上方移动玻片标本,物像才向右下方移动移到视野中央.

(4)图(三)中Ⅰ是用高倍镜观察的情景,Ⅱ是用低倍镜观察的情景.所以观察范围内细胞个体较小的是Ⅱ,换成高倍镜后,视野较暗,所以视野较暗的是Ⅰ.

故答案为:(1)丙;

(2)B;

(3)往左上方移动玻片;

(4)ⅡⅠ

单项选择题
单项选择题

Young girls at high risk for depression appear to have a malfunctioning reward system in their brains, a new study suggests. The finding comes from research that (1) a high-risk group of 13 girls, aged 10 to 14, who were not depressed but had mothers who (2) recurrent depression and a low-risk group of 13 girls with no (3) or family history of depression. Both groups were given MRI brain (4) while completing a task that could (5) either reward or punishment.

(6) with girls in the low-risk group, those in the high-risk group had (7) neural responses during both anticipation and receipt of the reward. (8) , the high-risk girls showed no (9) in an area of the brain called the dorsal anterior cingulated cortex (背侧前扣带皮质), believed to play a role in (10) past experiences to assist learning.

The high-risk girls did have greater activation of this brain area (11) receiving punishment, compared with the other girls. The researchers said that this suggests that high-risk girls have easier time (12) information about loss and punishment than information about reward and pleasure.

"Considered together with reduced activation in the striatal (纹状体的) areas commonly observed (13) reward, it seems that the reward-processing system is critically (14) in daughters who are at elevated risk for depression, (15) they have not yet experienced a depressive (16) ," wrote Ian H. Gotlib, of Stanford University, and his colleagues. " (17) , longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether the anomalous activations (18) in this study during the processing of (19) and losses are associated with the (20) onset of depression," they concluded. The study was published in the April of the Archives of General Psychiatry.

14()

A.repaired

B.impaired

C.healed

D.damaged