问题 单项选择题

直接舒张小动脉平滑肌的降压药是

A.利舍平
B.氢氯噻嗪
C.硝苯地平
D.肼屈嗪
E.可乐定

答案

参考答案:D

解析: 本组题考查降压药的作用机制。
利舍平与去甲肾上腺素末梢中的囊泡上的胺泵难逆性结合,使囊泡失去摄取和贮存去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺的能力,进而耗竭递质,产生降压作用;氢氯噻嗪通过利尿作用,降低血容量而产生降压作用;硝苯地平通过阻滞Ca2+道,抑制细胞Ca2+内流,降低心肌收缩力,进而产生降压作用;肼屈嗪直接舒张小动脉,降低外周阻力而产生降压作用;可乐定通过激动中枢α2受体,降低外周血管运动中枢的紧张性,使外周交感神经活性降低,血压下降。故42题选C、43题选D。

单项选择题 A1/A2型题
填空题

When I was growing up, I was embarrassed to be seen with my father. He (1) severely crippled and very short, and when we would walk together, his hand on my arm (2) balance, people would stare. I would inwardly be afraid (3) squirm at the unwanted attention. If he ever noticed or was bothered, he never let (4) .
It was difficult to coordinate (5) steps - his halting, mine impatient - and because of that, we didn’t say much as we went along. But as we started out, he always said, "You (6) the pace. I will try to adjust to you. "
Our usual walk was to or (7) the subway, which was how he got to (8) . He went to work sick, and (9) nasty weather. He almost never missed a day, and would (10) it to the office even if (11) could not: a matter of pride!
He never talked about himself as an object of pity, (12) did he show any envy of the more fortunate or able. What he looked for in others was a "good heart", and if he found one, the owner was good enough for him.
Now that I am older, I believe that is a proper standard (13) which to judge people, even though I still don’t know precisely (14) a "good heart" is. But I know the times I don’t have one myself.
He has (15) gone many years now, but I think (16) him often. I wonder if he sensed my reluctance to be seen with him during our (17) . If he did, I am (18) I never told him how sorry I was, how unworthy I was, how I regretted it. I think of him when I complain about trifles, when I am (19) of another’s good fortune, when I don’t have a "good heart".
At such times I put my hand on his arm to regain my (20) , and say, "You set the pace, I will try to adjust to you.\