问题 问答题

2013年3月,某市甲地板企业与一家居卖场签订供货协议,月末供应一批实木地板,协议约定不含税价款650万元,货到即付款,实木地板消费税税率5%。甲地板企业为确保协议履行,拟定两种生产方案:方案一:从本市乙地板企业购进素板,需支付价款460万元,增值税税额78.2万元,并取得增值税专用发票,然后自行加工成实木地板,还需发生其他费用50万元;方案二:直接从木材加工企业购进木材,需支付价款350万元,增值税税款45.5万元,并取得增值税专用发票;然后再委托某县丙地板厂加工成素板,支付不含税加工费30万元,取得丙地板厂开具的增值税专用发票;收回后自行加工成实木地板,还需发生其他费用60万元。已知:上述企业均为增值税一般纳税人。 要求:根据上述材料,按照要求(1)至要求(3)回答下列问题(涉及计算的,需计算出合计数)。(1)计算甲企业方案一需要缴纳的增值税、消费税、城市维护建设税、教育费附加及地方教育附加;(2)计算方案二需缴纳(或代收代缴)的增值税、消费税、城市维护建设税、教育费附加及地方教育附加;(3)计算方案一、方案二的毛利润额,并进行比较,建议甲地板企业应选择哪种方案。

答案

参考答案:(1)方案一:应纳增值税=650×17%一78.2=32.3(万元) 应纳消费税=650×5%一460×5%=9.5(万元) 应纳城建税、教育费附加和地方教育附加=(32.3+9.5)×(7%+3%+2%)=5.02(万元) (2)方案二: 应纳增值税=650×17%一(45.5+30×17%)=59.9(万元) 丙代收代缴消费税=(350+30)÷(1—5%)×5%=20(万元) 丙代收代缴城建税、教育费附加和地方教育附加=20×(5%+3%+2%):2(万元)甲应纳消费税=650×5%一20=12.5(万元) 甲应纳城建税、教育费附加和地方教育附加=(59.9+12.5)×(7%+3%+2%):8.69(万元) (3)方案一毛利润额=650—460—50—9.5—5.02=125.48(万元) 方案二毛利润额=650—350—30—60—20—12.5—2—8.69=166.81(万元) 由于方案二的毛利润额高于方案一,在其他因素一定的情况下,可多获收益,建议甲地板企业选择方案二。

阅读理解

In western countries, more and more foods have additives in them. What are additives? Additives are chemicals which are put into foods to give them color and taste, to stop them going bad and so on. But doctors say that some additives can be very bad for our health.

Now let’s look at how additives can be bad for our health. For example, a little English girl called Sally Jones is two years old and quite ordinary (普通的). But when she was younger, she never went to sleep at night. She never got tired. Her parents were very worried. Finally, Sally’s parents took her to a special doctor.

The doctor said that she must never eat food with additives in it. He was sure that the additives had a very bad effect on her body, and made her too active. He was quite correct. As soon as Sally started to eat foods with no additives, she began to sleep well at night.

Now she is the same as other little girls, except that she can’t eat many foods that other children love, such as ice-creams, because they have additives in them.

根据短文内容,回答下列问题。

小题1:What’s the Chinese meaning of the word “additive”?

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小题2:What are the functions (功能) of the additives?

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小题3:Did Sally like sleeping at night before she went to see the doctor?

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小题4:What happened to Sally when she stopped eating the foods with additives?

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小题5:Why can’t Sally eat ice-creams?

单项选择题