问题 阅读理解

If Confucius(孔子)were still alive today and could celebrate his September 28 birthday with a big cake, there would be a lot of candles. He’d need a fan or a strong wind to help him put them out.

While many people in China will remember Confucius on his special day ,few people in the United States will give him a passing thought. It’s nothing personal. Most Americans don’t even remember the birthdays of their own national heroes.

But this doesn’t mean that Americans don’t care about Confucius. In many ways he has become a bridge that foreigners must cross if they want to reach a deeper understanding of China.

In the past two decades, the Chinese studies programs have gained huge popularity in Western universities. More recently, the Chinese government has set up Confucius Institutes in more than 80 countries. These schools teach both Chinese language and culture. The main courses of Chinese culture usually include Chinese art, history and philosophy(哲学).Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantage of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Western philosophy. Students in the United States, at the same time, are racing to learn Chinese. So they will be ready for life in a world where China is an equal power with the United States. Businessmen who hope to make money in China are reading books about Confucius to understand their Chinese customers.

So the old thinker’s ideas are still alive and well.

Today China attracts the West more than ever, and it will need more teachers to introduce Confucius and Chinese culture to the West.

As for the old thinker, he will not soon be forgotten by people in the West, even if his birthday is.

小题1:The opening paragraph is mainly intended to   .

A.provide some key facts about Confucius

B.attract the readers’ interest in the subject

C.show great respect for the ancient thinker

D.prove the popularity of modern birthday celebrations小题2:We can learn from Paragraph 4 that American students   .

A.have a great interest in studying Chinese

B.take an active part in Chinese competitions

C.try to get high scores in Chinese exams

D.fight for a chance to learn Chinese小题3:What is the best title for the passage?

A.Forgotten Wisdom in America

B.Huge Fans of the Chinese Language

C.Chinese Culture for Westerners

D.Old Thinker with a Big Future小题4:The passage is likely to appear in   .

A.a biography

B.a history paper

C.a newspaper

D.a philosophy textbook

答案

小题1:B

小题2:A

小题3:D

小题4:C

题目分析:本文主要讲述了外国人对中国文化的兴趣越来越浓,对于孔子的思想也越来越感兴趣这一社会现象。

小题1:B 推理题。根据文章第一段If Confucius(孔子)were still alive today and could celebrate his September 28 birthday with a big cake, there would be a lot of candles. He’d need a fan or a strong wind to help him put them out.是以孔子生日这一个有趣的话题来引起本文要讨论的真正话题,故B正确。

小题2:A 推理题。根据Today China attracts the West more than ever, and it will need more teachers to introduce Confucius and Chinese culture to the West.说明中国对每个人有很强的吸引力,很多美国人对中国都很感兴趣,故A正确。

小题3:D 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的正是中国越来越引起世界的关注,同样,中国的文化也引起了世界人民的兴趣,很多人都开始了解中国的文化,这给孔子这位中国的思想家带来了新生,故D正确。

小题4:C 推理题。本文主要讲述了外国人对中国文化的兴趣越来越浓,对于孔子的思想也越来越感兴趣这一社会现象,那么很有可能是新闻报道的内容,故C项正确。

点评:本文主要讲述了外国人对中国文化的兴趣越来越浓,对于孔子的思想也越来越感兴趣这一社会现象。本文主旨鲜明,很容易在文中找到答案。做题时要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句,因为它们往往就是文章的主题句。阅读中要注意要点之间的关系。然后带着问题,再读全文,找出答题所需要的依据,完成阅读任务。

单项选择题 A型题
阅读理解与欣赏

阅读短文《感悟春天》,回答问题(14分)

①江南的春天,总是在淅淅沥沥的春雨中悄悄来临,"杏花春雨江南",这是上了名诗之页的。历数我经历的几十个春天,总是乍暖还寒,需要反反复复冲破凛冽的西风和反攻的寒潮才降临人间,因此春光很金贵,春光也往往只能雨中窥视,总在不经意中,便进入了初夏的境地,常常令人生出春光难觅的感慨。

②珍爱春天,是热爱生活的一种执著。这也是对照冬天的岁月,有比较而有鉴别的一种实际行动,虽然说冬天的寒冷对于世界,是净化,是考验,是生命的再生前提和生活的新生要素;这也是一种反衬和折射:没有坚冰,谁去认可红梅的烂漫?没有白雪,谁去判定青松的高洁?但是那似乎是哲学的命题和诗人的想像。只有春天才是大众的,才是为伟人和凡人、诗人和农人共同承认和赞美的。

③谁不承认春天是美好的?"遇物尽欢欣,爱春非独我",诗人白居易就是这样说的。翻翻一部唐诗吧,那里面尽有李白、杜牧、韩愈、李贺们对春的感慨。摆着道学面孔的人们,是不是不咏唱春天呢?北宋理学家程颢写下了《春日偶成》,还成了《千家诗》的第一首。朱熹更是有名的"老夫子",他面对朗朗春光,盈盈春意,也吟唱了"等闲识得东风面,万紫千红总是春"的《春日》诗。和尚是讲究四大皆空的佛门子弟,也不能不被春天打动"凡心".南宋的志南和尚写下了这样的名句:"沾衣欲湿杏花雨,吹面不寒杨柳风。"在中国的古诗中,可以看出诗人们从各个角度歌唱春天,为春风、春水、春雨、春草、春柳、春鸟、春山、春游、春宵、春眠等尽情歌唱,进而从欣赏春天写到珍惜春光。

④品味春色,沐浴春风,可以感受生活,感悟人生。这可以说是中外一致,概莫能外。"闺中少女不知愁,春日凝装上翠楼。忽见陌头杨柳色,悔教夫婿觅封侯。"如果这位生在封建时代的女子奈何不了这种生活的话,那么现代的那位美国哲人桑塔耶那则更有甘愿为春天俘虏的意味了。这先生长期在哈佛教书,五十岁那年的春日,有一天在讲台上,偶有知更鸟飞来,立在窗格子上,他注意到了,感受到又一个春天的到来。他回过头来,对学生们说,我与阳春有约!冲出教室,开始了他云游欧洲大陆之行。

⑤生命四季,是我们每个人都共有的,而春天更能开启人们的感情之源,心灵之泉,难怪首次在甲骨文里露面的形声字就是"春",难怪古人殷殷切切地寄语他的友人"此行江南去,千万和春住".居住在大观园中的史湘云更是大声疾呼:"且住,且住,莫使春光别去!"可是事实上春光难永驻,有来必有去,谁也挡不住"落花流水春去也"的结局。不管是落花有意,还是流水无情,都表现了时间之易逝的自然迹象,但是精神上的青春,意志里的春色,进取中的春光,则当常驻于有志人和奋斗者的岁月年华里!

小题1:读第1段,你感到在作者的笔下,江南的春天有什么特点?(3分)

小题2:照第2段画线句子仿写。(2分)

没有坚冰,谁去认可红梅的烂漫?没有白雪,谁去评判青松的高洁?

小题3:第3段中白居易的诗句“遇物尽欢欣,爱春非独我”与朱自清的散文《春》有异曲同工之妙。说说《春》是怎样具体体现这两句诗的意境的?(2分)

小题4:第4段中那位封建时代的女子和那位现代美国哲人难能桑塔耶那面对同样的春天,心态却明显不同。请借助文中“悔”和“冲”两个词分析他们各自的心态。(4分)

小题5:通读全文,仔细体会,作者通过对春天的赞美,从中揭示了一个怎样的道理?表达了作者怎样的人生态度?(3分)