问题 问答题

推销观念和市场营销观念有哪些不同?

答案

参考答案:推销观念是认为消费者通常对购买产品具有抗衡心理,一般不会足购买某一企业产品,所以必须加大推销和促销力度,以刺激消费者大量购买本企业产品。市场营销观念是以客户需求和欲望为导向的哲学,是消费主权论在企业营销管理中的体现。推销观观念和市场营销观念可以通过以下四点来区别: 1)出发点不同,推销观念以卖主需要为出发点,市场营销观念是以制造、传送产品以及与最终消费产品有关的事物来满足顾客需要。 2)营销的重点不同:推销观念以产品为重点,而市场营销观念是以顾客需要为重点。 3)营销手段不同:推销观念认为消费者通常对购买产品具有抗衡心理,不会足购买产品,所以必须加大推销和促销力度。市场营销观念认为必须致力于顾客服务和顾客满意,其手段主要以整合营销为主。 4)营销的目的不同:推销观念是通过增加销售量来实现利润的增长。而市场营销观念是通过顾客的满意来实现利润的增长。

单项选择题
填空题

You might think that hamburgers were invented in the United States, but that is not totally true. These (1) , or patties, actually came from Germany in the middle of the nineteenth century. They were brought to the United States by (2) who came from the city of Hamburg. That is why (3) was "hamburger steak".

However, people in other places (4) that they invented the hamburger. Perhaps we’ll never have a (5) . But there’s no question that the hamburger was a (6) . Why Perhaps because at that time, industry was growing and a kind of (7) food was needed for workers.

The hamburger became even more popular (8) when the first chain of fast food restaurants was started. This chain was called "White Castle". It served tiny hamburgers that were sold for only (9) . Then, in the 1930s there came the (10) where customers were served in their cars by waiters in uniform. And the hamburger was one of the most (11) .

By now, The hamburger was ready to (12) the world. And this happened with McDonald’s, which was actually a (13) at first. But by the early 1950s the hot dog was replaced by the hamburger. McDonald’s and other fast food restaurants (14) around the world throughout the rest of the twentieth century. McDonald’s alone has (15) for everyone person in the world.

The importance of the hamburger to (16) remains significant. About (17) of all sandwiches that are eaten are hamburgers. According to some sources, (18) of current workers in the United States had their first job at McDonald’s. But the face of the hamburger is changing (19) . Nowadays it is possible to buy a chicken burger, a turkey burger, (20) , or veggie burger.

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