| 男，20岁，神志不清2h入院，既往患Ⅰ型糖尿病5年，长期皮下注射胰岛素。近3d因腹泻而停用。体检：血压70/50 mmHg，皮肤中度失水征，呼吸深大，有烂苹果昧，心率 130/min。 |
需立即采取的治疗措施是
A．静脉滴注5%碳酸氢钠
B．纠正电解质紊乱
C．补液并恢复皮下注射胰岛素
D．补液加有效的抗生素
E．补液同时静脉滴注胰岛素
参考答案：E
解析：[解题思路] 1型糖尿病患者，近期停用胰岛素，呼吸深大，有烂苹果味，为酮症酸中毒典型体征。血培养常用于查找感染病原体，与本病关系不大。其余几项检查都有助于诊断和治疗。糖尿病酮症酸中毒治疗关键为补液同时静脉滴注胰岛素。[命题规律] 考察“糖尿病酮症酸中毒”。必须掌握。
阅读短文并根据短文内容完成表格。(每空一词) “A friend walks in when the rest of the world walks out.” Sometimes in life, you find a special friend: someone who changes you life just by being part of it; someone who makes you laugh until you can’t stop; someone who convinces( 使相信 ) you that there really is an open door just waiting for you to open it. This is forever friendship. When you are sad, and the world seems dark and empty, your forever friend lifts you up in spirits( 精神 ) and makes that dark and empty world suddenly seem bright and full. If you have a forever friend,it will be easier for you to get through the hard times and the sad times. If you turn and walk away, your forever friend follows. If you lose your way, your forever friend guides you, encourages (鼓励) you, holds your hands and tells you that everything is going to be OK. And if you find such a friend, you feel happy because you need not worry. You have a forever friend for life and forever has no end.
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