问题 问答题 简答题

简述魏晋南北朝“心物交融说”的主要内容。

答案

参考答案:

(1)心物分别代表创作活动中的主体与客体。

(2)先秦时期对心物关系有三种观点:其一是《乐记》中说的由物感心,其二是老庄的“心造”,重心而轻物,其三是荀子的“精合感应”说,兼有心的主观能动性与物的客观决定性。

(3)魏晋南北朝把先秦的哲学思考化为艺术的审美认识,以刘勰为代表,主要继承了荀子的学说,既注重心在感物之中的主导作用,又看到物对心的制约、决定作用。作家一方面投情与物,使物与情交融并在情的指导下运转,另一方面,物又与情共游,使情随着物的变化而变化,并最终充分而全面地反映情和物的本质。

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                                                                  Basic Photography

      This is an eight-hour course for beginners who want to learn how to use a 35mm camera. The teacher

will cover such areas as kinds of film, light, and lenses (镜头). Bring your own 35mm camera to the class.

      Course Charge: $150  

      Jan. 10, 12, 17, 19, Tues. & Thurs. 6-8 p.m.

      Marianne Adams is a professional photographer whosephotographs appear in many magazines.

                                                               Understanding Computers

      This twelve-hour course is for people who don't know very much about computers, but who need to

learn about them. You will learn what computers are, what they can and can't do, and how to use them.

       Course Charge: $75 

       Equipment Charge: $10 Jan. 7, 14, 21, 28, Sat. 9-12 a.m.

       Joseph Saimders is a professor of computer science at New Urban University. He has over twelve years

of experience in the computer field. 

                                                                        Stop Smoking 

      Do you want to stop smoking? Have you already tried to stop and failed? Now it is the time to stop

smoking using the latest methods. You can stop smoking, and this twelve-hour course will help you do it.

      Course Charge: $30

      Jan. 4, 11, 18, 25 Mon. 4-7 p.m.

      Dr.John Goode is a practicing psychologist (心理学家) who has helped hundreds of people stop

smoking. 

                                                                             Typing

      This course on weekdays is for those who want to type as well as those who want to improve their

typing. You are tested in the first class and practice at one of eight different skill levels. This allows you to

learn at your own speed. Each program lasts 20 hours. Bring your own paper. 

      Course Charge: $125

      Materials Charge: $25

      Two hours each evening for two weeks.

      This course is taught by a number of business education teachers who have successfully taught typing

courses before.

1. The word "professional" in this advertisement most probably means "_____". [ ]

A. spiritual

B. journalist

C. professor

D. experienced

2. The shortest course is _____. [ ]

A. Basic Photography

B. Understanding Computers

C. Stop Smoking

D. Typing

3. There are typing courses _____. [ ]

A. on Saturdays and Sundays

B. from Monday to Friday

C. from Monday to Saturday

D. on each day in the week

4. If you can have free time only on weekends, you should take the course _____.[ ]

A. Basic Photography

B. Understanding Computers

C. Stop Smoking

D. Typing

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