问题 单项选择题

阅读以下文字,完成以下问题。
我们从何而来仅在十年前,科学家们还一致认为大约320万年前的东非阿法种是最早的人类祖先。而2002年考古学家在西非乍得湖畔发现了一个至今有六七百万年历史的化石;他们认为这是近乎完整的人科动物头盖骨化石,该发现[ ]了人们原先关于原始人类历史的概念。这个化石被称为“托迈”,意为“生命的希望”。它很可能是所有原始人类的祖先。
这块头骨,既带有猿的特征,又带有其后的原始人类的特征。它的颅腔很小,与大猩猩的差不多大,但其下半部分较平,不像大猩猩和黑猩猩具有突出的颌骨,而与后来的原始人类相仿。另外,它的上犬齿小,并且第一颗下前臼齿的磨损跟原始人类的很像,而全然不像大猩猩和黑猩猩较尖的下前臼齿。综合这些特征,化石发现者们坚信他们找到的是一个新的人科动物。
然而,这个结果一经发布便引起了古人类学界的争议。一个进行同类研究的小组认为“托迈”可能是已经灭绝的类人猿或大猩猩的祖先,理由是没有发现能证明其直立行走的骨骼骨——这是作为区分原始人类与古猿的关键特征。而已经目睹过“托迈”风采的人则不予认同。他们表示,从外表特征上判断,“托迈”很可能是原始人类。不管争论的结果如何,不可否认的是,生活在人与猿分化关键时期的“托迈”证明了人类进化的路线的多分支特性。
“托迈”的发现地点,对人类学研究也同样具有革命性意义。在“托迈”之前发现的最古老的人科动物化石分别出土于埃塞俄比亚和肯尼亚。东非大裂谷的东支出土了如此之多又如此之古老的原始人类化石,以至于有些科学家认为,裂谷起了地理隔离作用,裂谷东边干旱、开阔的环境迫使古猿走下树,发展成为人;而在气候湿润、森林茂密的西边,猿仍然生活在树上。这种说法被称为“东边的故事”。
但是,法国古生物学家布鲁内于1995年在乍得挖出一个有350万年历史的颚骨化石,这为“西边的故事”写下了一个开头。“托迈”的出土,又为这个故事描下了重重的一笔。

文中[ ]应填入的词语是( )。

A.动摇

B.推翻

C.否定

D.印证

答案

参考答案:A

单项选择题

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上讲该项涂黑。

A Race Against Death

It was a cold January in 1925 in North Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.

On the 20th of that month, Dr.Welch   36   a Sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(传染的)disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be  37  if it struck the town. Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick.   38  , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.

How could the medicine get to Nome? The town`s  39  was already full of ice, so it couldn`t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn`t travel on the   40  roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn`t exist yet.

41  January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twemty more were   42  . Nome`s town officials came up with a(n)  43  . They would have the medicine sent by   44  from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogeled(狗拉雪橇)drivers—known as “mushers”—would   45  it to Nome in a relay(接力).

The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night.  46  he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon`s face was black from the extreme cold.

On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to   47  a frozen body of water called Norton Sound .It was the most  48  part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice,which could sometimes break up without warning.If that happened,Seppala might fall into the icy water below.He would  49  ,and so would the sick children of  Nome.But  Seppala made it across.

A huge snowstorm hit on February 1.Amusher  named Kaasen had to brave this storm.At one point,huge piles of sonw blocked his 50  .He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹)to get around them.Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to  51  the trail again. The only hope was Balto,Kaasen’s lead dog, Balto put his nose to the ground, 5 2  to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail.If  Balto failed,it would mean disaster for Nome.The minutes passed by.Suddenly, Balto began to  53  .He had foung the trail

At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog  54  in Nome. Within minutes,Dr.Welch had the medicine.He quickly gave it to the sick children.All of them recoverd.

Nome had been  55  .

47()

A.enter

B.move

C.visit

D.cross

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