问题 阅读理解

阅读理解。

Edinburgh Mela

Time: 25th - 31st August 2008

Tel / Fax: 0131 557 1400

E-mail: info@edinburgh-mela.co.uk

Website: www.edinburgh-mela.co.uk

     Each year Edinburgh Mela is Scotland's biggest multicultural (多元文化的) arts festival that celebrates in

Scotland. Although Edinburgh Mela's roots are in South Asian cultures, this is a festival for everybody. Music,

colour, dance, art, fashion, food, children's activities, the Mela bazaar (集市) and much more!

Edinburgh International Book Festival

Time: 9th - 25th August 2008

Tel: 0131 718 5666

Fax: 0131 226 5335

E-mail: admin@edbookfest.co.uk

Website: www.edbookfest.co.uk

     Edinburgh International Book Festival is the world's biggest book festival. We present different programs

for both adults and children including discussions, lectures, debates and workshops, all in one of Edinburgh's

most beautiful spaces, Charlotte Square Gardens.

Edinburgh International Festival

Time: 8th - 31st August 2008

Tel: + 44 (0) 131 473 2000 Fax: +44 (0) 131 473 2002

E-mail: eif@eif.co.uk

Website: www. eif@eif.co.uk

     Each year the Edinburgh International Festival stages one of the greatest celebrations of the arts, attracting

audiences from around the world to the city's exciting atmosphere. The festivities offer a special opportunity

to experience the excitement of live performance by internationally well-known artists as well as the joy of

discovering new and unfamiliar works.

Edinburgh International Science Festival

Time: 25th March-5th April 2008 Tel: 0131 558 7666

Fax: 0131 557 9177

E-mail: esf@scifest.demon.co.uk

Website: www.sciencefestival.co.uk

     The UK's largest Science Festival is back with one of the most exciting line-ups in the Festival's 16-year

history. The Science Festival is an unbelievable place for everyone, with events at all levels, all ages and all

purses. On offer are 10 days of non-stop shows workshops, presentations, hands-on activities, exhibitions

and tours designed to amuse and entertain. Call our ticket hotline on 0131 557 5588.

1. According to the passage, the four festivals _____. [ ]

A. are all about arts

B. all happen in 2008 only

C. are all celebrated in Edinburgh

D. are all mainly for children

2. What do we know about Edinburgh Mela? [ ]

A. It is deeply rooted in Edinburgh.

B. It is a place to buy and sell things.

C. It shows kinds of cultures in Scotland.

D. It offers a chance for you to buy books.

3. How many ways are available for you to get the information about each festival? [ ]

A. Only one.

B. Two.

C. Three.

D. Four.

4. If you want to book tickets to Edinburgh International Science Festival, you'd better dial _____. [ ]

A. 0131 557 5588

B. 0131 558 7666

C. + 44 (0) 131 473 2000

D. 0131 557 1400

答案

1-4: CCDA

多项选择题
阅读理解与欣赏

阅读文段,回答问题。

甘露的秘密

仇春霖

  甘露在我国古代人们的心目中,是一种了不得的“神物”,被认为是“神灵之精,仁瑞之泽”,“天下升平则甘露降”,就像龙、凤、龟、麟一样,一向作为吉祥的瑞征。有些帝王听说域中喜降甘露,连当时的年号也以甘露命名。汉宣帝刘询,吴国的归命侯孙皓,西晋前秦的苻坚等,都曾以甘露作过年号。

  传说甘露还是一种延年益寿的“圣药”,“其凝如脂,其甘如饴”,吃了能使“不寿者八百岁”,所以称为“天酒”、“神浆”。于是,它便成为那些妄想长生不老的封建帝王、贵族豪强们所梦寐以求的珍宝。

  太初元年(公元前104年),汉武帝为了吃到甘露,在长安城外的建章宫内建造了一座高二十丈、大七围的承露盘。清朝的乾隆皇帝梦想“长生久视”,也效法汉武帝建造了一座铜仙承露盘。一尊铜仙塑像,立于四米多高的蟠龙石柱之上,手托铜盘,祈求上天赐露。如今这座承露盘,仍坐落在北京北海公园琼岛西北面的半山之上。

  汉武帝和乾隆究竟得到天赐的甘露没有?古书上没有明确的记载。但是,我可以断定,在他们的承露盘里,永远也不会得到什么“天酒”“神浆”。因为所谓的甘露,根本就不是什么天降的“神灵之精”,说起来实在可笑,它不过是一种蚜虫的排泄物。

  蚜虫是一种附生在草木枝叶上的小虫,又名蝣蚁、地蚤、木虱、油虫,种类很多,全世界已经发现的有2000多种。其中除五倍子蚜虫外,都是庄稼的大敌。危害庄稼、蔬菜、果木的麦蚜、豆蚜、棉蚜、菜蚜、桃蚜、柑蚜、苹果绵蚜、葡萄瘤蚜、甘蔗绵蚜等,都是蚜虫家族中的成员,它们专靠吸取植物的汁液为生,是农业的害虫。蚜虫在觅食的时候,先用那唇端的短毛,向四周探索一番,一旦发现了可以猎食的目标,便将那根尖细的刺吸式口器刺进植物组织内部,不停地吸取植物体内的浆汁。植物遭到蚜虫的危害,有的发生卷叶病、黄萎病,有的发生肿瘤病、黑霉病,不仅影响正常生长,严重的还会大片地枯死,造成灾害。法国昆虫学家莱拉特和凡拉在1880年曾作出一个估计,法国葡萄园受葡萄瘤蚜为害而造成的损失,每年达1000万法郎。1951年,我国东北和华北地区的棉田,一度遭到棉蚜的侵害,结果使籽棉减产1.5亿斤。蚜虫给人类带来的损失实在惊人!

  蚜虫吸取了植物的汁液,经过消化系统的作用,吸收了其中的蛋白质和糖分,然后把多余的糖分和水一起排泄出来,洒在植物的枝叶上,有的“其凝如脂”,有的“皎莹如雪”,这就是所谓的甘露。宋代文豪苏东坡在《物类相感志》中记载说:“此露天降,着草木上,如饴糖。”蚜虫的排泄物确实含有较多的转化糖、甘蔗糖和松子糖。据分析,其中碳水化合物占70%左右,糖精占20%以上,蛋白质占3%。说它有滋养作用,确是诚言不谬。但是,在科学不发达的时代,人们实在想不到这东西竟来自小小的蚜虫。

  最早揭穿甘露的秘密的是我国明代学者杜镐,他说:“……此多虫之所,叶下必多露,味甘,乃是虫之尿也。”一泡虫尿,竟被那些昏庸的封建帝王当做天赐的“天酒”、“神浆”,实在荒唐得可笑!

1.根据文章的说明内容,简单概括甘露的特点。

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2.帝王、贵族、豪强们对甘露梦寐以求的原因是什么?

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3.概括甘露产生的代价。

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4.概括本文运用的主要说明方法。(列出三种即可)

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5.一泡虫尿,竟被那些昏庸的封建帝王当做天赐的“天酒”、“神浆”,实在荒唐得可笑!“你从这句话中得到什么启示?

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