问题 改错题

阅读下列材料,回答问题。(8分)

材料一:这是一次人类从来没有经历过的最伟大、进步的变革,是一个需要巨人而且产生了巨人——在思维能力、热情和性格方面,在多才多艺的学识渊博方面的巨人的时代。

——恩格斯

材料二:马克思说:“火药、罗盘针、印刷术——这是预兆资产阶级社会到来的三项伟大发明。火药把骑士炸得粉碎,罗盘针打开了世界市场并建立了殖民地,而印刷术变成新教的工具,变成科学复兴的手段,变成制造精神发展的必要前提的最强大的推动力。         

——马克思

请回答:

(1)材料一中“最伟大、进步的变革”指什么事件?(1分)这一变革以什么思想为核心?(1分)

(2)“巨人”指的是哪些人?请列举两例。(2分)

(3)中国三大发明推动了欧洲社会的发展,具体地说,材料二中“印刷术变成科学复兴的手段”、“罗盘针打开了世界市场并建立了殖民地”所指的是哪两个历史事件?(2分)

(4)两则材料中所提到的“最伟大、进步的变革” “印刷术变成科学复兴的手段”、“罗盘针打开了世界市场并建立了殖民地”三个历史事件共同的作用是什么?(2分)

答案

(1)文艺复兴      人文主义 (2分)

(2)但丁       达芬奇 (2分)

(3)文艺复兴       新航路开辟果(2分)

(4)为资本主义的发展创造了条件 (2分) 

第(1)问的问题中要求我们根据材料一回答“最伟大、进步的变革”的事件指什么,注意材料的信息,如在思维能力、热情和性格方面,指的是思想方面,而又要求是最伟大,最进步的变革,指的是世界近代史上第一次思想解放运动—文艺复兴,巨人指的是文艺复兴的代表人物如薄伽丘,但丁,达芬奇文艺复兴的核心思想是人文主义。根据(1)问解析可知(2)问的答案,如薄伽丘,但丁,达芬奇等都是文艺复兴的代表人物。第(3)问印刷术传播到欧洲,有利于思想文化的传播,因此推动的是文艺复兴的发展,而罗盘针主要是方向定位问题,一般应用于航海,因此推动的是新航路开辟。第(4)问三个历史事件有涉及到思想方面的,还有经济方面的,经济基础决定上层建筑,上层建筑反作用于经济基础,归根到底是为了推动资本主义的发展,也是其共同作用。

阅读理解

阅读理解

     On my first day of teaching,I found that I spent 85 per cent of my energy disciplining and 15 per cent

teaching knowledge.Of course I had some wonderful,serious students who would do well wherever they

were in life,but others worked hard to push themselves to the limit (限度).At night I went home

exhausted,often near tears.What gave me the idea I wanted to teach?

      And then there was Matthew.

     After school Matthew would come into my classroom to dust erasers or empty the wastepaper basket.

     "Why do you come in to visit me?" I asked him one night.

     "Because at home no one listens to me," was his reply.Later I found out that there were eleven children in his family,with Matthew near the middle.

     One time when he came to see me,he said,"Miss Ausmus,the kids are saying that you and Mr D.like each other."

     "Matthew,Mr D.is a nice man and we both teach some of the same students.He is not my boyfriend,

and it's not something the children should be talking about anyway."

     Another time,he said,"Will you wait for me so I can marry you when I grow up?"

     "Sorry,Matthew,but that won't work," I answered in a gentle way.

     When my birthday arrived,his mother made me a cake.She delivered (递送) it after school,and as

Matthew was carrying it up the school steps,he tripped (绊倒),dropping the cake.I found him in tears.I

told him that bringing me a cake was very,very special,whether I was able to eat it or not.

     After my second year of teaching,I said "goodbye" to Matthew and his family.

     Years passed and in 1992,I went back to the little town to visit.Matthew's parents still lived in the same house.His mother greeted me warmly."Janet,"she said,"Thanks for all the time you spent encouraging

Matthew.You taught him to believe in himself.You are the reason he went to college."

     I had made a difference in the life of a young boy.But I wonder...did Matthew ever know the difference he made in mine?

1. How did the author feel at the beginning of her teaching?

A. Embarrassed.  

B. Excited.

C. Frustrated.  

D. Amused.

2. By saying "others worked hard to push themselves to the limit",the author meant other students

________.

A. were forced to challenge themselves

B. made efforts to challenge their classmates

C. needed to be encouraged to learn

D. did everything they could to do well

3. Why did Matthew visit the author after school?

A. Because he had less communication at home.

B. Because he wondered if she liked Mr D.

C. Because he decided to marry her when he grew up.

D. Because he was going to celebrate her birthday.

4. Under the influence of the author,Matthew became________.

A. honest  

B. sincere

C. confident  

D. hardworking

5. What difference did Matthew make to the author?

A. He encouraged her to win Mr D.'s love.

B. He made her become enthusiastic about disciplining.

C. He gave her the courage to continue teaching.

D. He got her to understand what was true love.

问答题