问题 综合

根据材料和示意图,结合所学知识,回答下列问题。

材料一  “天漠”是一种特殊的地理现象,它们像是形形色色的“迷你沙漠”,却会神秘出现在降水丰富的湿润地带,与江河湖海如影随形。图甲中M地附近有20多万亩沙丘。2011年11月,位于M沙地的风力发电站成功并网发电。

材料二  图乙示意鄱阳湖南部地区,PQ铁路线的建成对该区域的铜矿开采、冶炼产生了明显的促进作用。 

(1) 湖畔沙丘形成要有“丰富的沙源”、“强劲的风力”,分析M地“强劲的风力”和沙丘的成因。(10分)

(2)简述M地建风力发电站的区位优势。(8分)

(3)据材料二分析铜矿开采及冶炼过程中可能产生的环境问题。(6分)

答案

(1)强劲的风力:湖区地势北低南高,易受冬季风影响;地表对风力的削弱作用小;湖口河谷(狭窄)呈瓶颈状(或狭管效应),加大了风力。(共4分,任答二点即可)

沙丘的形成:湖区附近多低山丘陵(或地势起伏较大)(2分);雨季,多暴雨且植被破坏严重,水土流失加剧,湖区大量泥沙堆积(2分);(枯水季节,湖内沙滩露出)强风作用促进了湖边M地沙丘的形成(2分)。(共6分)

(2)风力资源丰富;沙地地价较低;风力发电较清洁;政策扶持;市场需求量大;交通便利等。(共8分,任答四点即可)

(3)生态破坏如水土流失、植被破坏、生物多样性减少等(共2分,任答一点即可)环境污染如大气污染(或酸雨)、水体污染、土壤污染等(共4分,任答二点即可)

题目分析:

(1)强劲的风力与湖区地势平坦、没有山脉的阻挡作用、地表对风力的削弱作用小有关,湖口河谷(狭窄)呈瓶颈状,使风力加大。沙丘是风力搬运沉积的结果, 湖畔沙丘形成要有“丰富的沙源”、“强劲的风力”,丰富的沙源与围围山区植被破坏,水土流失严重,泥沙容易沉积有关。强风吹动沙质沉积物的搬运和沉积,形成沙丘。

(2)M地建风力发电站的优势主要从该地区风力资源丰富;在该地建风力发电站不占用良田,地价低;风力作为能源清洁可再生,有利于减轻环境污染,得到国家政策支持;发展铜矿冶炼需要消耗大量能源,因此在该地发展风力发电接近消费市场等方面来说明。

(3)在铜矿开采过程中会破坏森林、破坏地表,加上该地区降水量较多且较为集中,因此会加重该地区的水土流失,植被破坏又会使该地生物多样性减少;在铜矿冶炼过程中会排出大量的二氧化硫等,导致大气污染;排出的废水,又会引起水污染;冶炼过程中会产生很多的固体废弃物,导致固体废弃物污染。

完形填空
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从 各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中,选出最佳选项。
        It was Monday morning. Cathy left home early that day because she was going to     1     a new job in
Manhattan. She was only 18 and this was her first     2      . When she got to the bus stop, she saw so many
people waiting there that she almost     3     a passing taxi. Later she was     4     that she had waited for the bus
because the traffic was so heavy that even a taxi would not have      5     much earlier. As it was, she was only
few minutes late!
         She took the elevator (电梯) to the eighth     6     and went to the office where she had been interview (会见) by Mr Samson two weeks     7     . This was the man she was going to work for. She knocked on the door
lightly and waited, but there was no     8      ! Just then she heard the sound of a     9     voice coming from the
next office. She opened the door and looked   10     . There was Mr Samson, speaking    11      to all the other
people in the office. He suddenly     12      around and left the room.
         Later in the day, Cathy found out    13      had happened. Because Mr Samson lived forty miles away in
Westchester, he had to take the train to work and would usually arrive at the office     14      nine thirty. This
morning, however, he happened to catch an earlier train, and when he arrived at     15     , not a single person
was working
( )1. A. hunt       
( )2. A. job       
( )3. A. asked     
( )4. A. glad       
( )5. A. returned   
( )6. A. ground     
( )7. A. ago       
( )8. A. sound     
( )9. A. boy's     
( )10. A. in       
( )11. A. warmly   
( )12. A. got       
( )13. A. what     
( )14. A. in       
( )15. A. the station
B. start    
B. chance    
B. missed  
B. sorry      
B. left    
B. storey  
B. before  
B. help    
B. girl's  
B. out      
B. excitedly 
B. looked  
B. that    
B. around  
B. the office
C. finish     
C. try       
C. got     
C. surprised 
C. stopped   
C. floor     
C. later   
C. answer   
C. woman's   
C. back       
C. angrily   
C. turned     
C. which     
C. until   
C. Westchester
D. find        
D. victory     
D. called      
D. disappointed
D. arrived     
D. office      
D. earlier     
D. noise         
D. man's    
D. up          
D. sadly       
D. walked      
D. it            
D. for          
D. Manhattan  
多项选择题