问题 问答题 简答题

始得西山宴游记

翻译:

自从我遭到贬谪,居住在永州,心中一直忧惧不安。公务之余,缓缓散步,漫无目的,到处转悠。每天与随从爬高山、钻深林,迂回曲折的山间小溪,深幽的泉水,怪异山石。无论多远,我们都去。一走到那些地方,我们便拨开野草,席地而卧,倒酒痛饮,不醉不罢。喝醉后便相互枕靠着睡在地上,很快就进入梦乡。凡是心中能想到的,睡梦中都能出现。醒来之后就回家。我原以为永州山水中稍有特异地方,都已被我游览了。殊不知还有个奇异独特的西山。

今年九月二十八日,由于坐在法华寺西亭,遥望西山,才使我发现西山胜景,大为称异,我于是带着仆人越过湘江,沿染溪而行,砍去丛生的灌木,烧掉杂乱的茅草,不达到西山之巅决不罢休。攀援着树枝爬上山顶,两腿叉开,席地而坐,几乎几个州的土地都聚集在我的座下:高低不平,空阔低洼,连绵起伏,不可胜状;有的像是蚂蚁窝,有的像是蚂蚁洞。看似尺寸之间,实则千里之外,全都聚集眼前,没有逃脱隐藏的。青山绿水,相互萦绕,与遥远的天际相接,环看周围,浑然一体。看了这些,才知道这座山确实特立不群,与一般的小土丘大不一样。不知不觉中我的身心与天地间的浩然之气隔化在大自然中,已不知道哪里是尽头了。我于是拿起酒壶,斟满酒杯,畅怀痛饮,醉倒在地。不觉间日薄西山,苍茫暮色,自远而近,慢慢地天黑得什么也看不见了,而我却了无归意。真是形神俱忘,无拘无束,好像已经与天地万物融为一体。我这才认识到过去等于没有游览,真正的游览从现在开始。所以我特意把这件事记下来,这一年是元和四年(809年)。

问题:

为何说本文以自然山水之美与作者人格之美相互映照?

答案

参考答案:

“然后知是山之特立,……,而不知其所穷。”在写作手法上作者不直接写西山高峻特立,而是通过写山下的景物,写远望景物来衬托西山的高峻,以体现出作者在革新失败,被贬官后依然坚持特立独行的思想品格。

阅读理解

阅读短文,选择正确答案。

     Can plants eat people? Probably not, but there are many plants that eat meat. Some of them are big, and they

can eat small animals. One famous meat-eating plant is the Venus flytrap (捕蝇草).

     The Venus flytrap is a very strange plant. It grows in dry parts of the United States. Its leaves are like the

pages of a book. They can open and close very quickly. Inside the leaves, there are three small hairs. If a fly

touches one of the hairs, the leaf closes quickly. The fly cannot get out. In about half an hour, the leaf presses

the fly until it is dead. Then, the plant covers the fly. Slowly, the plant eats the fly.

     Why do plant do it ? Most plants get what they need from the sun , the air , and the ground. In some places,

the ground is very poor. It doesn't have all these important things, especially nitrogen (氮). Animal meat has a lot

of nitrogen, so some plants eat meat to get what they need. Let's hope that some of the bigger plants don't get

the same idea!

1. The Venus flytrap is a kind of _______. [ ]

A. food

B. meat

C. plant

D. animal

2. The Venus flytrap grows in _______. [ ]

A. most parts of the world

B. some parts of Africa

C. wet parts of England

D. dry parts of the United States

3. From the passage, we learn that ________. [ ]

A. all plants can eat people

B. all plants can eat animals

C. some plants can eat people

D. some plants can eat animals

4. The underlined word "presses" probably means _______ in Chinese. [ ]

A. 关上

B. 挤压

C. 打开

D. 松开

5. Why do some plants eat animal meat? Because _______. [ ]

A. plants are dangerous to animals

B. animals are dangerous to plants

C. plants want to protect themselves against animals

D. plants want to get what they need from animal meat

单项选择题 案例分析题