问题 综合

图示为长江源区环境恶化过程示意,试从自然和人类活动两个方面概述长江源区环境恶化的原因,并提出防治的建议。

答案

从自然条件方面看,全球变暖是主要原因。由此导致蒸发增加和地温上升,使河流的补给(冰川融水、土壤水)每况愈下,导致部分河段干涸,环境恶化。

在人类活动中,滥捕滥猎野生动物,使生态平衡遭到破坏;鼠害日益严重,以及过度放牧,是破坏草原、造成草场沙化的两大因素。

制止对有益野生动物的滥捕滥猎,加强草原建设,提高畜牧业管理水平,是防止该区环境进一步恶化的主要措施。

本题考查区域生态破坏。直接利于图示的环境恶化关系图概括;自然原因主要以全球变暖为背景;人为原因主要由于人口压力大,不合理的人类活动引起。防治措施主要针对不合理的人类活动方面分析。

单项选择题
填空题

For more than two centuries, American’s colleges and universities have been the backbone of the country’s progress. They have educated the technical, managerial, (1) and provided generation after generation of national leaders. Today educators from around the globe are turning to U. S. institutions of higher learning (2) . They are apt to find many reasons for the excellence of American universities, but (3) stand out as watersheds:
Education (4) : In 1862 Congress enacted the Land-Grant College Act, which essentially extended the opportunity of higher education (5) , including such disenfranchised groups as women and minorities. Each state was permitted to sell large tracts of (6) and use the proceeds to endow at least one public college.
(7) : Over the years, the decentralization and diversity of the America’s colleges and universities have promoted competition for students and resources. Competitive pressure first arose (8) . The academy’s impact really grew after World War II, when (9) commissioned by President Roosevelt argued that it was the federal government’s responsibility to (10) for basic research. Instead of being centralized in government laboratories, scientific research (11) in American universities and generated increasing investment. It also gave graduate students research opportunities and helped (12) far and wide, to the benefit of industry, medicine and society as a whole.
(13) : The end of the World War II saw passage of the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944. The law, which provided for (14) for returning veterans, made an already democratic higher-education system accessible in ways that were (15) in Europe, opening the doors of the best universities to men and women who had (16) of going to college.
(17) : The creation of federal loan guarantees and subsidy programs, as well as outright grants for college students brought (18) to higher education and further helped to democratize access. Since its founding (19) , the Federal Family Education Loan Program has funded more than 74 million student loans worth more than (20) .