问题 阅读理解与欣赏

周海亮

       流感说来就来了。好像,城市里每个人都在流鼻涕。这让他的诊所里,总是堆满了人。 

       诊所不大,靠墙放着两个并排的长凳,人们挤坐在那里,有秩序地,一个挨一个地,等着他开出药方,或在头顶挂一个吊瓶。这场面让他稍有些欣慰。他不喜欢有人插队,正如他不喜欢有人生病,尽管,他是一个大夫。

       有时他认为自己好像选错了职业。比如现在,他已经忙了一个上午,面前依然晃动着没完没了的病人,这样他就有些烦躁。后来他更烦躁了,因为他看到一个没有排队的女人,身子有些佝偻、头发已经花白的女人。女人紧抱着叠成筒的被子,踉踉跄跄、慌慌张张地直接挤到他的面前。他看到女人在皱纹间顽强地挣扎出一双浑浊的眼,吸盘般吸附着他的脸。女人说,看病,感冒了。声音沙哑。

       他皱了皱眉,用手指着长凳上等候着的那些人,说,都看病,都感冒了。

       女人说,我给你钱。

       他的眉毛马上打结,他说都给钱,这里没赊帐和赖帐的。

       女人并不理会他的话,她把沾满灰垢的干枯的手伸进自己的胸脯,摸啊摸啊,终于摸出一张皱巴巴的人民币。女人说,孩子感冒了,很严重,你快给他看看。女人轻轻拍打着怀里的被筒,露出焦急和紧张的表情。

       女人递过来的,是一张破旧的两毛钱。他认为这张钱的年龄,应该不会比女人小多少。

       女人小心翼翼地揭开包得紧紧的被筒一角,他垂着头,向里面看了一眼。只一眼,他便愣住了…… 

       你不要理她。坐在凳子上的一个男人说,我认识她,这附近所有的国营医院和个体门诊,没一个理她的。

       他摆摆手,示意男人不要说下去。他轻轻地问女人,孩子病得很重吗?

       是的,很重。女人说,你快给他看看,他们都不给他看……他很可怜,他整夜咳嗽。

       还有呢?他问,把听诊器小心地塞进被筒。

      不吃饭,有时候发高烧……夜里总是哭哪!女人说。

      还有呢?他继续问。就是咳嗽,发高烧,不吃饭,夜里总是哭!女人重复着。

      啊,知道了。他抽出听诊器,是感冒,没什么大问题,开些药吧?

      不行呢。女人说,他怕苦,他会吐药的。

      那么打个吊瓶?他说。

      不行不行!女人说他很怕疼的。你别理她!坐在凳子上的男人又说话了,还有这么多人等着呢!

      你闭嘴!他冲着男人吼。他不知道自己为什么突然变得很激动,你闭嘴行不行?让你等一会儿不行吗?男人撇撇嘴不说话了。

       那给他打一针吧。他朝女人笑笑,马上就好,不会痛的。他站起来,把椅子让给女人。他从药架上取下两瓶针剂,仔细看了看标签,摇匀,将封口割开,然后把药液抽进一个小的针管。你抱着他,别让他动,打一针很快的。他一边说着,一边小心地揭开被筒,缓缓将一管药液推进去。不疼不疼的,他轻哄着。

       现在你摸摸看,是不是不烧了?过一会儿他对女人说。

       好像是呢。女人的表情终于平静下来,嘴角有了些笑。

       回去的时候,把被子包严实点,别让他受凉。他叮嘱。

       那谢谢你了……不过明天我还想来,你再给他看一看,行吗?女人说。

       当然行。他收下女人推过来的两毛钱。以后呢,女人说,我想每个月都来给他看看…… 

       绝对没问题的。他笑着,你什么时候来都行。

       女人终于走了,心满意足。走到门口,女人回过头来朝他笑笑。笑得他心酸。

       他开始给下一位病人开药,挂吊瓶。他心里想着那个故事:单身的母亲和十七岁的儿子……儿子辍学打工……摔下脚手架,死去……母亲疯了,每天抱一个被筒,到处找人给儿子看病……她总说,儿子刚满两岁……可是没有人理她……一个也没有……没有……

       他想,被子里包的那个干瘪的、脏兮兮的枕头,应该是她儿子枕过的吧。

       他流下一滴眼泪。

       他想,不管如何,也得把这个诊所开下去。他答应过女人的。哪怕,他仅剩下女人一个顾客。

1.文章的题目是“诊”,请结合文章的内容,谈谈你对“诊”的理解。

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2.文章开头写“有时他认为自己好像选错了职业”。结尾又写“不管如何,也得把这个诊所开下去”。谈谈“他”产生这两种想法的原因分别是什么?

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3.本文主要写了“他(大夫)”、“女人”、“坐在凳子上的男人”三个人物,你认为本文的主人公是谁?试说明理由。

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4.文中划横线的句子是一段插入性的文字,请结合上下文,分析一下这段文字在文章的内容和结构上分别起到了怎样的作用?

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答案

1.“诊”有以下几个方面的理解:①对流感患者进行诊治; ②对女人的心理与精神进行诊治; ⑨对自私冷漠、不关心弱者、缺乏同情心的社会不良现象进行诊治。

2.(1)作为大夫,“他”不喜欢有人生病,有时没完没了的看病让他烦躁,所以“有时他认为自己好像选错了职业”。

(2)后来“他”被女人的母爱所感动,为人情的冷漠、不同情弱者的社会不良现象所震动,为遵守诺言,给女人心理和精神上以安慰和支撑,所以决定“不管如何,也得把这个诊所开下去”。

3.他(大夫)。因为本文主要是围绕“他”(大夫)来展开故事情节的,通过“他”诊治疾病、心病和社会不良现象,表现了“他”正直、善良、同情弱者、关心他人的优秀品质。

4.(1)内容上的作用:解开故事悬念,将女人的不幸遭遇呈现出来,唤起读者对女人的同情。

(2)结构上的作用:避免平铺直叙,使文章波澜起伏。

完形填空

第三部分任务型阅读(满分10分)
A technical secondary school in Nanjing, east China’s Jiangsu province, planned to order Korean-style school uniforms for students, but parents opposed the move, believing that the new uniforms looked too good and would encourage early romances among the students, the Jinling Evening Paper reported Monday.
Parents
“My daughter was so excited about the Korean-style uniform, saying it’s her dream to wear mini-skirt to school every day,” a mom surnamed Cheng complained. “My daughter also called her classmates to talk about how handsome the boys looked in the uniform!”
Cheng looked on the Internet and found that most Korean schoolboy uniforms are similar to western suits. “They are so handsome! My daughter is a fan of Korean fashion, that’s why she is crazy about the uniform!” Cheng said. “If the students wear such beautiful uniforms, how can they study well? I prefer the sports wear which makes me think of health and positive thinking.”
School
“The plan to change the current school uniform from sports wear has been cancelled,” an employee of the school told the Jinling Evening Paper.
“The students dislike the current uniform, so the school took advice from the students last November, knowing that most of students prefer Korean-or Japanese-style school uniforms. We know cities like Shanghai and Guangzhou have changed their sports wear school uniforms to more fashionable uniforms,” an employee surnamed Lin said.
“However, we had to stop the plan because many parents are strongly against it. Some parents think it’s just a way for the school to make money, and others think the new uniforms will take students’ attention away from their studies,” Lin said.
When asked about the possibility of problems with early romance between students because of the more fashionable uniforms, Lin said he hadn’t considered it. He, however, agreed that the Korean-style uniform makes the students more charming.
Students
The students are very disappointed about the school’s final decision. They think the sports wear uniforms make them look androgynous (难分性别).
They said the Korean-style uniform has many advantages such as raising interest in class; lifting confidence; improving solidarity and creating good temperaments.
As for concerns about romance, the students believe that love is love and bears no relationship to the uniform.
Education department
“We don’t have a unified (统一的) standard for school uniforms. The schools can choose their own styles. Either sports wear or uniforms are ok,” an official from the Nanjing Bureau of Education said.
Title
Do pretty school uniforms lead to early romance?
Event
A technical secondary school planned to order Korean-style school uniforms for students.
Different (71)_____ to it
Parents are strongly (72)______ the move.
◆With such beautiful designs, the new uniforms might
(73)__________ early romances between boys and girls.
◆In the new uniforms, students will fail to focus their
(74)_________ on their studies.
◆It is just a way for the school to make money.
Students are
in 75)______ of the move.
◆The sports wear uniforms make them look androgynous.
◆Korean-style uniform can make them more (76)_________
and more interested in class as well as improving
solidarity and creating good temperaments.
Two responses
From the school
◆The students dislike the current uniform.
◆More (77)__________ school uniforms are allowed in
some big cities in China.
◆The school spokesman Lin said they hadn’t taken the
possibility of early romance into (78)_________, though
he agreed the Korean-style uniform would make the
students more charming.
From the education department
There is no unified standard for school uniforms, so the schools can choose their own styles.
Result
The school had to (79)________ the plan and the students felt (80)_________.
单项选择题