问题 阅读理解

Rules for the University Entrance Examination

●You must be at the examination center ten minutes before the examination starts. If you are more than ten minutes late, you may not enter the examination center. The examination takes place at the same time in different states.

●You must have proof of your name and grade as well as official examination number. Show these when you come to the examination center.

●Depending on which examination you are taking, you may bring certain items into the examination center. Mathematics examinations may allow you to use electronic calculators (计算器). Other sub­jects may allow you to use dictionaries and other reference material. Please read the notes sent with your timetable carefully.

●You must bring your own pencils. None will be provided for you. The following items are not allowed in the examination center: walkmans and radios, head sets, any food or drink, schoolbags, electronic equipment (unless specifically permitted for various subjects), and mobile phones.

●Once in the center, you must sit at the desk with your examination number on it. When you sit down, place your examination number at the top comer of your desk.

●You must remain silent during the examination. You must not disturb other people who are taking the test.

●If you need a drink or toilet break, you should raise your hand and wait for the supervisor (监督者) to speak to you. You will be given water or the supervisor will take you to the bathroom. You are not allowed to talk with anyone during the break.

●You must write your answers in the official answer sheet. Your supervisor will provide extra paper if you wish to make notes.

●You may leave the examination room at any time if you do not plan to return. If you finish early and want to leave, please move well away from the examination center.

●The supervisor will warn you fifteen minutes, five minutes and one minute before the end of the ex­amination. When the supervisor says that the time is up, you must put down your pencil and wait at your desk until you paper is collected.

5. What kind of examination are these rules probably for?

A. A local exam.   B. A final exam.    C. A college exam.   D. A national exam.

6. What are you allowed to have with you when you take mathematics examination?

A. Related material.     B. Proof of yourself.

C. A cell phone.                  D. A dictionary.

7. What should you do if you finish the test early and want to get a better result?

A. Take some notes carefully.             B. Leave the room immediately.

C. Remain in your seat and check again.      D. Raise your hand to inform your teacher.

8. What can be provided for you during the exam?

A. Pencils.       B. Food and drink.    C. Extra paper.      D. Calculators.

答案

5-8  DBCC

5. D细节题。由第一条最后一句The examination takes place at the same time in different states.是“全国性”的考试。

6. B推断题。由第二段可知无论参加哪科考试都要带准考证,考数学也应如此。

7. C推断题。假如你很早的完成了试题并且想得到一个好的分数,我们通常的做法是要仔细检查。在解答此题的时候,可以使用排除法。

8. C细节题。由第八段可知。

问答题

材料一:消费者傅某在B市一家精品店购买了一块镀金手表,价格40元。当时,傅某怀疑手表是假货,但精品店负责人说不会有假,并指出如果有假可以按照商场的店堂告示“假一罚十”来赔偿。几天后,傅某找人鉴定认定该表为假冒,傅某即向精品店老板讨要说法,遭拒。精品店认为该承诺的最终解释权在商店,主张“十”不是“十倍”;并说“假一罚十”与《消费者权益保护法》第49条规定的加倍赔偿原则相抵触,所以他的承诺没有法律效力,因此,他不能作出十倍的赔偿。但他同时表示“愿意按《消费者权益保护法》加倍赔偿处理”,即退还40元货款,再加倍赔偿40元。傅某向B市消协投诉,要求精品店按“假一罚十”的承诺进行赔偿。最终,消协经过调解认为“假一罚十”承诺有效,精品店按照“假一罚十”的承诺,赔偿消费者傅某400元。
材料二:消费者马某在G市一百货商场未付款就拿走价值120元的商品,商场以店堂告示“偷一罚十”为依据,要求对马某罚款1200元,并指出这是行业常规。双方僵持到中午,马某最终同意前往银行取款接受罚款,被商场依“偷一罚十”的规定罚款1200元。后来,他以名誉权受到损害为由提起诉讼。被告主张原告自愿接受罚款,该民事法律行为合法有效,原告则坚持自己拿走商品是一时疏忽,不构成偷窃,商场无权对其进行处罚和损害其名誉。
G市L区法院认定“偷一罚十”的店堂告示无效。判处商场立即把罚款退还原告。G市中级人民法院作出终审判决,认定原告已经构成非法占有他人财物,仍判处商场立即把罚款退还原告,但是对于未付款即将商品带出商场的原告,除了要求分摊诉讼费用以外,并不罚款或要求悔过。
[问题]
从法律渊源与法律适用的有关原理角度,分析两个材料中店堂告示在法律裁判中的作用及局限性。

单项选择题