问题 计算题

将下图所示稀盐酸滴入盛有10g氢氧化钠溶液(滴有2滴酚酞试液)的烧杯中,恰好完全反应时消耗此稀盐酸的质量为5g。

回答并计算:

(1)恰好完全反应时的现象为___________________。

(2)求此NaOH溶液中溶质的质量。

(3)求所得溶液中溶质的质量分数(酚酞试液质量不计)。

答案

(1)溶液由红色变成无色

(2)解:设该氢氧化钠溶液中溶质质量为x,生成氯化钠的质量为y。

NaOH+HCl==NaCl+H2O

40  36.5 58.5

x  5g×7.3% y

40/x=36.5/(5g×7.3%)=58.5/y

解得:x=0.4g;y=0. 585g

(3)所得溶液中w(NaCl)=0.585g/15g×100%=3.9%

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