问题 计算题

金属氢化物如氢化钙(CaH2)、氢化钠(NaH)是一种重要的制氢剂,与水接触时,分别发生如下反应: CaH2+2H2O=Ca(OH)2+2H2↑ NaH+H2O=NaOH+H2

(1)若某化学反应需要消耗10g氢气,需要消耗多少克NaH?

(2)登山运动员登山时也需通过金属氢化物与水反应获得氢气以提供必须的能量。小红认为,若用CaH2替代NaH,有利于登山运动员减轻包袱负担。为什么?

答案

解:(1)设制10g氢气需消耗NaH的质量为x

NaH+H2O=NaOH+H2

24       2

x       10g

x=120g

(2)根据化学方程式可知,每生成4份质量的氢气,需要消耗的氢化钙的质量是42份,而生成2份质量的氢气时,消耗的氢化钠的质量是24份,显然,生成等质量的氢气时,所消耗的氢化钙的质量比氢化钠的更小。

选择题
单项选择题

The following questions present a sentence, part of which or all of which is underlined. Beneath the sentence, you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others.

These questions test correctness and effectiveness of expression. In choosing your answer, follow the requirements of standard written English; that is, pay attention to grammar, choice of words, and sentence construction. Choose the answer that produces the most effective sentence; this answer should be clear and exact, without awkwardness, ambiguity, redundancy, or grammatical error.

Nile perch, voracious predators that will eat anything smaller than themselves, are natives of northern Africa but were introduced to Tanzania’s Lake Victoria in a foolhardy attempt during the 1960s of boosting the local sport-fishing industry; since their introduction, these sturdy fish have decimated most other aquatic species in the lake.()

A. are natives of northern Africa but were introduced to Tanzania’s Lake Victoria in a foolhardy attempt during the 1960s of boosting

B. are native in northern Africa but were introduced to Tanzania’s Lake Victoria during the 1960s as foolhardy attempts to boost

C. are native to northern Africa but were introduced to Tanzania’s Lake Victoria during the 1960s in a foolhardy attempt to boost

D. had been native to northern Africa but during the 1960s were introduced to Tanzania’s Lake Victoria in a foolhardy attempt to boost

E. are native to northern Africa but were introduced to Tanzania’s Lake Victoria as a foolhardy attempt of boosting