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问题 选择题

读我国西部内陆两地景观示意图，回答11一13题。

小题1:甲地以井为中心在草原上形成沙地，其原因可能是

A．过度开采地下水，形成地下水漏斗区

B．地下水含盐量高，植物不能生存

C．风力侵蚀强烈，形成风蚀洼地

D．农牧业活动较多，地表植被破坏小题2:在乙地区，反映该地区绿洲萎缩迹象的是

A．地表反射率下降

B．土壤有机质增加，土壤紧实度下降

C．土壤盐碱度升高

D．生物生产能力提高小题3:荒漠化的治理既是科学问题，也是社会问题，因此治沙战略应

A．以工程措施为核心

B．以消除贫困为核心

C．以生物工程为核心

D．以跨流域调水为核心

答案

小题1:D

小题2:C

小题3:B

小题1:本组题以人类活动为切入点，考查人类对水资源的不合理利用造成的荒漠化。甲地有水井，牲畜饮水和农牧业过度用水导致植被死亡，土地沙化。

小题2:绿洲萎缩说明气候干燥、蒸发作用强烈，土壤盐碱化。

小题3:贫困迫使旱地居民无可选择地以牺牲长远利益来争取短期的生存，尽可能地开发现有的极少资源。因此，任何有效的防治荒漠化的战略和对策都应以消除贫困为核心。

选择题

PM2.5，是指大气中直径≤2.5微米的颗粒物。由于其非常细小，可以不受鼻腔内鼻毛的阻挡，随呼吸直接进入呼吸道，深至肺部，甚至渗入血液中，其负载的有害物质严重危害人体健康。材料体现了                                             

A．任何事物之间都是相互影响、相互制约的

B．事物之间的联系是必然的

C．一事物与周围其他事物之间存在着联系

D．量变到达一定程度必然引起质变
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阅读理解

A group of students in Japan have created a realistic robot baby to motivate young people to start planning a family so as to increase the country’s birth rate. The automated (自动化的)doll developed at the University of Tsukuba, called Yotara, laughs and “wakes up” when a rattle is shaken.

He can become angry and sleep like a real baby and he smiles when his stomach is pressed. The robot can also sneeze and have a runny nose, thanks to a heated water pump system. The students of the Graduate school of Comprehensive Human Science at the university created the robot last year with touch sensors. A projector sends the facial features onto a warm silicon balloon which makes up Yotara’s face. The robot’s facial expression and body movements change according to pressure applied to different parts of its body.

The information collected through touch sensors（传感器）under the silicon skin is processed by a special programme. It then changes the baby’s expression projected onto the balloon-face from behind. There is a hat on the robot’s head and a colorful blanket covering the robot’s limbs which simulate wiggling(摆动) with the help of a geared motor. “We wanted to create a new type of robot that is soft, cuddly and cute,” said project leader Hiroki Kunimura.

“We’d like people to experience the innocent, joyful expressions typical of small babies. Through this experience, it would be great if some people started feeling that they wanted to have their own baby, if they started feeling that work is not everything.”

Japan’s birth rate is among the lowest in the developed world at 1.37%, compared to 2.12% in the United States and l.84%in Britain. Japan is facing serious economic consequences with over a quarter of its citizens expected to be aged over 65 by 20l5.The population is expected to reduce by a third within 50 years if the birth rate does not increase．

小题1:. What is the students’ purpose of creating such a baby?

A．To help old people who live alone．

B．To give small children some pleasure

C．To comfort lonely young people．

D．To increase the population of Japan．小题2:What’s the new type of robot like in Hiroki Kunimura’s mind?

A．It can do everything for humans．

B．It is clever, humorous and loyal．

C．It is gentle, lovely and smart．

D．It makes humans unhappy．小题3:. What can we learn from the passage?

A．Many young people in Japan don’t want to get married．

B．There may be a lack of workers in Japan in the future．

C．The lifespan(寿命)of Japanese people will decrease in the future．

D．The birth rate in Japan will start to increase slowly soon．
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