问题 问答题 案例分析题

南方某城市新区建设中压0.35MPa燃气管道,管径DN300mm,全长3.1km;其中需通过灌渠进入对岸新区。横跨灌渠的现有跨线桥是连接新旧城区的主干道,桥宽20m。

过河段燃气管道设计采用随桥梁外侧支架敷设。施工项目部编制的施工方案经上级技术负责人签章批准后组织实施。

问题

(1)燃气管道利用桥梁跨越时有何规定?

(2)随桥敷设燃气管道施工中应注意哪些问题?

(3)施工方案报上级签批前还应经过哪些程序?

(4)过河燃气管道安装完成后应做哪些检验?

答案

参考答案:

(1)燃气管道随桥梁敷设应符合有关规范规定:首先是工程条件许可,即现有桥粱具备燃气管道架设条件和运行管理条件;其二是管道的输送压力不应大于0.4MPa,即中低压管道。背景中管道设计采用随桥敷设方式,表明工程条件满足上述规定。

(2)当燃气管道随桥梁敷设时,应采取如下安全防护措施:

1)敷设于桥梁上的燃气管道应采用加厚的无缝钢管或焊接钢管,尽量减少焊缝,对焊缝进行100%无损探伤;2)跨越通航河流的燃气管道管底标高,应符合通航净空的要求,管架外侧应设置护桩;3)在确定管道位置时,与随桥敷设的其他管道的间距应符合现行国家标准《工业企业煤气安全规程》GB6222-2005支架敷管的有关规定;4)管道应设置必要的补偿和减震措施;5)对管道应做较高等级的防腐保护。对于采用阴极保护的埋地钢管与随桥管道之间应设置绝缘装置;6)跨越河流的燃气管道的支座(架)应采用不燃烧材料制作。

(3)应征得桥梁权属方和监理等方面同意,并签认。

(4)随桥架设管道在进行强度试验和严密性试验前,应该算管道及其支撑结构的强度,必要时应临时加固。试压宜在环境温度5℃以上进行,否则应采取防冻措施。

选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Man is a land animal, but he is also closely tied to the sea. Throughout history the sea has served the needs

of man. The sea has provided man with food and a convenient (便利的) way to travel to many parts of the

world. Today, nearly two thirds of the world's population live within 80 kilometers of the sea coast.

     In the modern technological world, the sea offers many resources to help mankind survive (=continue to

live). Resources on land are beginning to be used up. The sea, however, still can be hoped to supply many of

man's needs.

     The list of riches of the sea yet to be developed by man's technology is impressive. Oil and gas explorations

(探险) have been carried out for nearly 30 years. Valuable amounts of minerals exist on the ocean floor ready

to be mined (开采).

     Fish farming promises to be a good way to produce large quantities of food. The culture of fish and shellfish

(贝类动物) is an ancient skill practised in. the past mainly by Oriental people.

     Besides oil and gas, the sea may offer new sources of energy. Experts believe that the warm temperature

of the ocean can be used in a way similar to the steam in a steamship. Ocean currents (水流) and waves offer

possible use as a source of energy.

     Technology is enabling man to explore (勘探) ever more deeply under the sea. The development of strong,

new materials has made this possible.

     The technology to harvest the sea continues to improve. Experts believe that by the year 2020 the problems

that prevent us from exploiting fully the food, minerals, and energy sources of the sea will be largely solved.

1. The major things that the sea offers man are ____.

A. fish and oil

B. minerals and oil

C. warm temperature and ocean currents

D. the food, energy sources, and minerals

2. We can conclude from this passage that ____.

A. the sea resources have largely been used up

B. the sea, in the broad sense, has not yet been developed

C. the problems that prevent us from using the food, minerals, and energy sources of the sea have already been solved

D. by the year 2000, the technology will be good enough to exploit all the sea resources

3. The best title for this passage is ____.

A. Sea Harvest

B. Sea Food

C. Technology for Exploiting the Sea

D. Man and the Sea