以随机访问方式读取文件中的数据通常使用istream的成员函数______。

Specifications for software should contain several components, e. g., specifications of information flow, user interface, functional requirements, and design constraints. Two other important components are specifications of the( ).

A．methods of testing and ways to obtain quality assurance

B．criteria for testing and ways to obtain quality assurance

C．methods of testing and criteria for function assurance

D．criteria for testing and methods of function assurance