问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下文,完成文后问题。

喜事

契诃夫

  午夜12点,米佳?库尔达罗夫散乱着头发,冲动地跑进父母的家。他把家里的每个房间都转了一遍。父亲和母亲都已经上床睡觉,妹妹躺在床上正在看一本小说的最后一页,几个中学生弟弟已进入梦乡。“你从哪儿来?”父母吃惊地问,“你这是怎么啦?”

  “唉!怎么跟你们说呢!我真没有料到!我简直没料到!这……难以置信!”

  米佳大笑起来,似乎由于过度的欢喜两条腿已经支持不住了,于是坐到沙发上。

  “这真不可思议!你们简直想象不到!你们瞧呀!”

  妹妹翻身下床,把毯子往身上拉了拉,走到哥哥的身边,中学生的弟弟也醒了。

  “你这是怎么了?你脸色不好啊!”

  “妈妈,这是高兴!现在我已经闻名全俄罗斯,全俄罗斯!以前,只有你们知道在这个世界上存在着一个叫德米特里?库尔达罗夫的小职员,而如今,整个俄罗斯谁不知道我!妈妈呀!噢,上帝!”

  米佳从沙发上一跃而起,一阵风似的跑遍了几个房间,又坐下来。

  “你到底是怎么了?你说清楚点!”

  “你们这日子像野蛮人过的,不看报,根本不重视宣传媒体,报纸上精彩纷呈。现在不管发生什么事,顷刻之间,家喻户晓。什么事也包不住!我太高兴啦!

  噢,我的上帝!报纸是登载出类拔萃的人物的,可他们把我给登啦!”

  “你说什么!在哪登的?”

   爸爸脸色变得苍白。妈妈对着圣像画十字。中学生跳起来,当然只穿一件短衫,来到自己哥哥的跟前。

   “是这样的啊!他们把我给上报纸了!现在全俄罗斯都知道我的大名。妈妈,你把这张报纸收藏起来作纪念。以后有时间就拿出来看看。你们看呀!”

  米佳从衣服口袋里掏出一张报纸,递给了父亲,并用手指着用蓝色铅笔勾出来的地方。

   “你们看呀!”

  父亲戴上老花镜。

  “你们看呀!”

   妈妈对着圣像画十字。爸爸咳嗽一下,开始看报。

  “12月29日晚1l时,职员德米特里?库尔迭罗夫……”

  “你们看见了。”

  “……职员德米特里?库尔达罗夫从小伯龙大街科济欣大厦内的啤酒馆走出,饮酒过量,神志不清……”

  “这是我跟谢苗?比得洛维奇,写得可够详细的!

  继续读!你们听啊!”

   “……饮酒过量,神志不清,滑倒在地,正好倒在尤赫诺夫县杜雷京村农民伊万?德罗托夫所赶的雪橇的马脚下,当时雪橇正停在街上。马受惊后跃过库尔达罗夫,将雪橇连雪橇内坐着的莫斯科二等商人斯捷潘?卢科夫一起从库尔达罗夫的身上压过,在大街上狂奔不止。幸好被一守门人拉住。库尔达罗夫昏迷不醒,被送到警察分局,并经医生验伤,伤在后脑,击伤……”

   “这是我碰到车辕子上了,往下读!您往下念呀!”

  “后脑部位系轻伤。事故已记录在案,受伤人已进行紧急抢救……”

   “吩咐用冷水敷一下碰伤的后脑勺。’现在都念完了吗?怎么样!消息马上传遍俄罗斯!把报纸给我!”

  米佳一把将报纸拿过去,整齐折好,放入衣袋。

  “我马上就要跑到马卡罗夫那里去……还要给伊万尼茨基看看,还有纳塔利娅?伊万诺芙娜、阿尼西姆?瓦西里伊奇……”

  “我得马上走!再见!”

  米佳戴上有帽徽的制帽,欢天喜地地跑出去了。

1.小说中的主人公库尔达罗夫是一个什么样的人?

 _______________________________________

2.小说开头交代时间有什么用意?

_______________________________________

3.小说有强烈的讽刺性,你认为作者是怎样凸现这一特点的?

_______________________________________

4.小说结尾三段有怎样的表达效果?

 _______________________________________

5.小说中的库尔达罗夫是一个艺术形象,现实生活中有没有这样的人呢?请加以评说。

_______________________________________

答案

1.库尔达罗夫是一个热衷名利的小人物。  

2.时间很晚了,与库尔达罗夫的行为形成反差。

3.作者主要通过情节设置来达到讽刺的目的。比如,上了报纸却是因为车祸受伤;因车祸受伤而上报纸却认为自己可以名扬全俄罗斯;深夜时分却到处炫耀,兴奋不已等等。

4.小说结尾暗示读者这样的闹剧将继续上演,让人感到可笑、可悲、可叹。

5.文学是生活的反映,现实生活中有这样热衷名利的人。评说“略”。

阅读理解

     The English are famous for their manners. The phrase, "Manners make the man" was coined by

Englishman William of Wykeham back in 1324, but they're just as important today. Books are written

on the subject; advice columns in magazines tell people how to behave; and "finishing schools" still exist

to ensure that young girls become young "ladies".

      The best example of English manners is in their mastery of the art of forming a queue. It is a popular

joke in England (the land of sporting failures) to say, "If only queuing was an Olympic sport, we'd win

hands down." No one knows exactly how and when it started, but queuing plays an important role in the

English social make-up. School children are taught to queue for roll-call, assembly and lunch, and English

people across the land form orderly queues at shops, banks, cinemas and bus-stops every day. The

English obviously aren't the only people who queue, but they seem to do it better than anyone else. As

one visitor said, "I have travelled across Europe, the Middle and Far East and nowhere have I seen the

single-file queues which are formed in England."

     The English are also famously polite when it comes to language. Whereas many other notions are more direct in their communication, the English prefer a more indirect form of asking for things. For example,

an American who wants to talk to a colleague might say, "Got a minute?"; however an English person will

often use a more indirect means of requesting the chat, "Sorry to bother you, but would you possibly have a minute or so to have a quick chat if you don't mind, please?"

     The English also love to apologize for things. When squeezing past someone, people say "Sorry". And

they will apologize if you bump into them, "Whoops! Sorry! My fault." In fact, no one seems to say

"Sorry" as much as the English: "Sorry I'm late. /Sorry I forgot to call you last night./I'm sorry you didn't

get the e-mail." And so on. They also like to use "Please" and "Thank you" a lot. In a shop, they will say, "I'd like a packet of crisp, please. Thanks." British students thank their lectures, and bosses often thank

their employees for doing their jobs.          

1. Why does "finishing schools" still exist to help young girls become "ladies"?

A. Because the English mind their manners very much.

B. Because the English parents want to marry their daughters to the royal family.

C. Because the English girls are so rude that they need to be taught to be polite.

D. Because the English government ensures their existence.

2. The underlined sentence in paragraph2 implies ______.

A. The English love the Olympics very much.

B. The English spend nothing winning an Olympic medal.

C. The English are best at queuing.

D. The English prefer to queue with their hands down.

3. According to the passage, if Americans say "Waiter! Could I have another fork, please?" how will the

English express such a meaning?

A. Excuse me! Give me another fork, please!

B. Excuse me! I have to be a bother, but would you mind awfully changing this fork, please?

C. Hi! Would you mind giving me another fork?

D. Waiter! Come here and change the fork!

4. According to the passage, why do the employers often thank their employees for doing their jobs?

A. The employees can bring them a lot of benefits.

B. The employees finish their jobs perfectly.

C. The English employers' good manners lead them to do so.

D. The employers do it as a result of the company's regulation.

单项选择题