问题 材料题

阅读材料,回答问题。

奋勇前进,坚决、彻底、干净、全部地歼灭中国境内一切敢于抵抗的国民党反动派,解放全国人民,保卫中国领土主权的独立和完整。

(1)这是谁给谁下达的命令?

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(2)材料中的命令下达时,人民解放军已打下的军事基础是什么?

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(3)此命令下达后,人民解放军采取了什么军事行动?结果如何?

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答案

(1)毛 * * 、朱德给人民解放军下达的命令。

(2)三大战役已取得胜利。

(3)渡江战役,解放南京。结果使国民党政府垮台。

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面文章,完成后面的题目。(14分)

冬 荷  李木生

夏日的荷是从水中生的,“出淤泥而不染,濯清涟而不妖”,那是周敦颐笔下的夏荷——“花之君子者也”。 那是月华做成的荷瓣,水精做成的荷叶,渔歌做成的蜻蜓呀!整个夏天的热烈,都在这里轰轰烈烈的演绎着。

其实,冬荷不是更具有着君子的风骨吗?

冰掐灭了一湖的波浪。又冰上加雪。荷的尸骨就这样狼藉在冰雪的湖面上,肢折头断,东倒西歪苍凉。落寞。好像这里从来就没有过挤挤挨挨、涨潮似的荷叶,没有过火一样燃烧的荷花,也没来过那只在小荷尖角上立了近千年的蜻蜓。

太阳升起来了。冬日的湖上,荷的故事正没有尽头。

红红的朝阳,在远处怯怯的照着。薄薄的雾气正在散去,远远近近的残荷便从朦胧里渐渐清晰起来。直的,弯的,拱的,垂的,是荷柄的舞蹈;灰的,黄的,黑的,褐的,是荷叶、莲蓬的存在。

有一枚荷叶曾是那样深深地吸引了我。曾经硕大舒展的碧叶,干缩成一排排瓦垄状,甚至在垄沿处散布起或大或小、有着黑色边缘的窟窿。这是被风霜雨雪反复肆虐后留下的创伤吧?在这褶皱间的灰色质地里,往往还残留着浅浅的绿,抚摸它,抓它,你会立刻感到一种柔韧劲道的生命的力量。我隐隐感到,也许那一湖的浪漫,一湖的自由,一湖的豪情与刚烈,正被这枚荷叶收藏着?

冬日的荷是从冰雪中生的,历垢世而弥新弥净。更有爱的宣言写在冰雪之上——干枯了也要拥抱着,共同迎受着寒风,等待冰消雪融的日子;既然灾难不可避免,那就相挨相慰着一起冻结于冰雪之上,携手承受苦难,不也是一种巨大的享受与幸福吗?

冬的荷,当是伟大的楷模。

冬荷知道,冰下还有藕,正悄然行走在湖底。每一节藕上,都栖着自己生生不息的梦。梦在,来年的夏天,还能不让荷在每一朵浪花上自由的飞翔吗?

一种水样的感觉正在冬荷的筋脉里汩汩地流动。饱满,自在,清新,高洁,它甚至看见了一只翠绿的青蛙,正如意地蹲在肥嫩的荷叶上,一滴被鱼尾溅上的水珠,正在蛙的脚下滚动,而滚动的水珠上,有 * * 阳光的闪烁。它还看见了花瓣纷披的粉荷,嫩黄泛绿的花托周围,是黄黄的蕊毛,花托上微突着幼小的莲籽。美好,就是这样的吧?还有夏荷的清香,夏荷的明朗,夏荷风中快乐的呻吟和夏荷染红了白云的欢笑,都在抚弄着冬荷梦的琴弦。

风刮着。冰封着。雪覆着。夕阳正泛着荷蕊般的嫩黄。夕阳里,醒着的冬荷,梦正酣。

  (选自《2013中国散文年选》花城出版社,有删改)

小题1:通读全文,概括冬荷的“品格”。(2分)

小题2:根据具体内容,按要求答题。(5分)

(1)完成下列语句的赏析。(3分)

好像这里从来就没有过挤挤挨挨、涨潮似的荷叶,没有过火一样燃烧的荷花,也没来过那只在小荷尖角上立了近千年的蜻蜓。

本句运用了排比、比喻、拟人的修辞手法,表现了过去荷叶生长的    、荷花开放的     。并且巧妙化用诗句“                          ”,来表现荷湖生命的灵动。

(2)说说下列句中加点词语的含义。(2分)

冬荷知道,冰下还有藕,正悄然行走在湖底。

小题3:本文写的是冬荷,但开头和结尾都写到了夏荷。分别有什么作用?(4分)

小题4:文章最后一句说“夕阳里,醒着的冬荷,梦正酣”,请问冬荷的“醒着”与“梦正酣”是否矛盾?为什么?(3分)

阅读理解

As you can see,water works hard in your body every day.That’s why it’s important  to give your body the water it needs to carry out all its different jobs.On a regular day,your body loses 2 to 3 quarts of water—enough to fill a 2­liter soda bottle.You probably guess that water is lost when you sweat—especially   on a hot day.

But your body also loses water in an almost invisible way—evaporation (蒸发).Water escapes from your body through your skin and in your breath.How?Your breath contains droplets (小滴) of water that are usually too tiny to see.They become visible for a quick second in the cold when you can “see your breath”.But water evaporates this way all year round.Your skin also contains water,which escapes in tiny droplets that go into  the air.The water in your skin evaporates into the air,but fortunately,your body can replace the water it loses so your skin doesn’t dry out.

Eating and drinking is one way to replace the water your body loses.Most foods have a lot of water in them,especially fruits and vegetables.Grapes,watermelons,oranges,and cantaloupes are delicious and full of water.

But you can’t rely_on food alone to get that water back,and that’s why it’s also a good idea to drink water  every day.You might have heard someone say that people need to drink 6 to 8 cups (1.4 to 1.9 liters) of water each day.Depending on how much  water you’re getting from foods and other liquids,6 to 8 cups might not be necessary.If you eat a lot of fruits and vegetables,or you like to eat soup every day,you’ll get some of the water your body needs.

小题1:You should drink enough water every day because________.

A.your body needs too much water

B.water does all kinds of jobs in your body

C.your body loses a lot of water every day

D.the more water you drink the better you feel小题2:Water in your body loses by the following ways EXCEPT________.

A.breathing

B.evaporating

C.sweating

D.eating小题3:Your body has to give enough water to your skin in order to________.

A.keep the water in your skin clean

B.stop your skin from drying out

C.stop the water from losing

D.keep your skin clean all the time小题4:What does the underlined phrase “rely on” in the fourth paragraph mean?

A.Eat up.

B.Receive.

C.Depend upon.

D.Digest.