问题 问答题

简述南京国民政府法律制度的主要特点。

答案

参考答案:孙中山的三民主义是南京国民政府总的立法指导思想。南京国民政府建立之初即开始仿照大陆法系国家的法律体系样式建构中国以法典为核心的法律体系。1928—1937年期间,国民政府先后公布实施了六个门类的法律法规:宪法(《训政时期约法》)、民法、民事诉讼法、刑法、刑事诉讼法、行政法,建立起国民政府法律体系的基本框架。以这些大类法规中的基本法典(行政法除外)为中心,各有一整套的关系法规,即低位阶的法律、条例、通则、规程、规则、细则、办法、纲要、标准、准则以及判例、解释例等不同层次和性质的法律,组成一个严密的、层次分明的法律系统。南京国民政府采取“以法典为纲、以相关法规为目”的方式,将法典及相关法规汇编成《六法全书》。《六法全书》的编纂标志着南京国民政府六法体系的建构完成,实现了法律形式上的近代化。长期以来,人们在习惯上把南京国民政府的法律制度简称为“六法全书”或“六法”。

选择题
单项选择题

Horse thieves, cattle rustlers, bank robbers, train and stagecoach robbers, highwaymen, murderers, these were but some of the criminals who infested the American frontier during the 19th century. In English legend Robin Hood can be considered a bandit, but the outlaws of the Old West were far more violent men and women without any scruples when it came to taking property or life.
The careers of many outlaws have been glamorized through fictional accounts of their deeds and their exploits have been the basis for many movie scripts.
The era of the American outlaw lasted about 100 years roughly from 1800 to 1900.There had been lawlessness during the Colonial Era. Frontiers have always attracted misfits, failures and renegades who hope to profit by being beyond the reach of government. In the years just before the Revolutionary War, gangs of horse thieves in the back country of South Carolina were broken up by organized bands of farmers called regulators.
As frontier settlement expanded rapidly after the Revolution, more opportunities for criminals opened, two common types of bandits were highwaymen and river pirates. Highwaymen accosted people who traveled on foot or horseback, while river pirates preyed upon the boat traffic on the Ohio, Mississippi, and other rivers. Some bandits engaged in both.
Criminals in the West gathered momentum with the gold rushes to California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, and other states. Stagecoaches and trains carrying gold and money became prime targets for bands of outlaws. Bank robberies emerged after the California Gold Rush of 1849 and as prosperity found its way to frontier towns. The first stage robbery was recorded in 1851, and the first train robbery happened in 1866.
After the Civil War there was the growth of the cattle kingdom in Texas and neighboring states. Cattle rustling and horse theft turned into significant operations. Range wars bred a great amount of violence. Cattlemen fought over land and water rights, and they fought with great bitterness against sheep farmers. In Texas, range wars were fought over the use of barbed wire to fence grazing land.
By the end of the 19th century, the frontier era was past. Major crime shifted to the cities. Ethnic gangs had existed in the slums for decades, preying mostly on their fellow immigrants. With the arrival of Prohibition in the 1920s, an impetus was given to the formation of organized crime as it exists today.

At the beginning of the text the author indicates that______.
[A] Robin Hood was as cruel as a bandit
[B] the story of Robin Hood has never been documented
[C] the criminals in America’s Old West were extremely cruel
[D] the Western countries used to be infested with bandits