| 男性，60岁，肠梗阻3d入院。查体；血压70/40mmHg，血钠125mmol/L，血钾3.2 mmol/L，血气分析pH7.31。 |
若需要补充碱剂，如果补充碱剂过快，患者不会发生下列哪种情况
A．手足抽搐
B．神志改变
C．高钾血症
D．低钾血症
E．惊厥
参考答案：C
解析：
[解题思路] 此病例为肠梗阻并伴有休克、电解质紊乱、酸中毒，治疗原则应首先纠正休克，休克治疗中应首先扩容；较轻的代谢性酸中毒(血浆HCO3ˉ为16～18mmol/L)通过补液、纠正休克后可自行纠正，不必使用碱性药物，否则可能造成碱中毒；补充碱剂过快，会造成碱中毒，碱中毒通常伴有低氯、低钾血症及精神神经症状，不会发生高钾血症。
[命题规律] 考察“酸钾平衡的诊治”。重点掌握。
| 完形填空。 |
| I'm taking my family to some other countries for a trip. My wife and I, and our two children are all 1 . My older brother will 2 with us, too. He never went to other countries 3 . He is even more 4 than the children. My father is old now, so he wants to stay at home to 5 the house. We're on the train to New York now, and then we will 6 a ship to Europe. England will be the first place for us to visit. After visiting there, we will go to some other countries to do some sightseeing. When we 7 France, we'll go to different places either by train or by bus. Then we're going to fly home. It took us a long time to 8 where to go, but I think we'll have a very interesting trip. We'll go to England, France and Italy. We also talked about 9 we would go to Europe. At first we wanted to fly there because it would be faster and 10 a lot of time for us, but my brother liked traveling boat trips, and the children liked ship trips, too. |
| ( )1. A. walking ( )2. A. join ( )3. A. ago ( )4. A. excited ( )5. A. put away ( )6. A. have ( )7. A. arrive in ( )8. A. make ( )9. A. what ( )10. A. take | B. visiting B. travel B. later B. worried B. build up B. bring B. leave for B. guess B. how B. spend | C. going C. chat C. recently C. interested C. look after C. take C. arrive at C. find C. where C. have | D. taking D. stay D. before D. frightened D. clean up D. buy D. live in D. plan D. why D. save |