问题 单项选择题

火山爆发与减少耕地面积之间有联系吗
1982年2月底至3月,墨西哥爱尔·基琼火山爆发。据报道,这次火山爆发飞向天空的火山灰数量是观测史上数量最大的一次,这对自然界产生了重大的影响。一方面,大量的火山灰喷入空中,遮蔽了自然日光,山太阳发出的光能就会被反射回去,从而使得那些需要阳光的地球生物无法获得充足的太阳能。另一方面,由于火山灰云笼罩了整个地球,仿佛给地球盖了个天棚,这个天棚会使本来应从地球向外散发的某些能量反射回地球。结果世界各地几个典型地区产生了显著的气象变化。
1983年冬,某北极考察船在北极被困住。往常根本不会结冰的地方,这回竟结冰封冻了,甚至连前去救援的破冰船也进退不能。大量火山灰飞向天空,使空气有了大量水蒸气变成水滴的核,平时不会变成水滴的水蒸气也变成了水滴,结果造成沿海地区大量降雨,像英国、法国海岸、西班牙、葡萄牙等这样一些本来就是多雨的地区,降雨量进一步增加。伦敦降雨27天,为历史所少见。与沿海地区的多雨相反,在那些内陆地区却出现了严重的干旱。季风刮来,在沿海地带雨水就已降下,季风无法再将水分带向内陆地区,于是干燥的空气被送往内地。结果伴随着西欧沿海国家的多雨,东欧三国出现了有史以来的第一次大旱。大雨、干旱、寒冷必然会导致全世界范围的农业歉收。对气象问题颇有研究的美国拥有气象卫星,依靠这些卫星,可以对全世界的农业进行监视。所以,对于上述种种气象变化所导致的世界各地农业不振的局面,当然也是清楚的。但就在此时,美国却推出了一个减少1/3耕地面积的决定。
美国是在明知世界各地的农业将出现不景气的情况下,决定减少耕地面积的。据说在施行这一决定时,美国官方还采取一旦农民需要,立刻还给他们减少的那部分粮食的做法。毫无疑问,结果是谷物价格上涨,芝加哥的谷物市价比以往上升了1.6倍。此外,由于谷物价格的提高,农民的收入随之增多。这给与农业相关的行业,如农具、化肥、农药等也带来了新的转机。
事实上,早在1982年,美国就将粮食作为战略物资,试图禁止对苏联的出口,但结果却失败了。在爱尔·基琼火山爆发引发世界气候大变化之前,除美国外还有一些国家也具有粮食出口能力。例如,苏联从阿根廷进口粮食,就曾使美国出现大量的粮食剩余,其价格直线下降,引起农民和一部分人的不满。
世界农业大面积歉收,最具粮食出口能力的美国减少1/3的耕地面积,这使得依赖粮食进口的苏联必须花更多的外汇换取粮食。这样,1982年美国遭受的损失,又借助天气赚了回来。所以有人把美国的这一决定视为利用气象因素实现一箭多雕的绝好范例。然而,美国的决定是否真的明智和成功呢
根据上述情况,请回答下列问题:

美国政府应从以下哪个方面考虑此类决策( )

A.维护世界和平,促进人类合作

B.充分就业,物价稳定

C.国内经济稳定增长,国际收支平衡

D.以上各方面都需要考虑

答案

参考答案:D

单项选择题 A3/A4型题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     When I was a kid, I always used to wonder how in the world my father work outside in the winter

without a coat. It could be minus 20 degrees centigrade and there'd be Dad, removing snow, or perhaps

chopping some wood-his coat thrown aside-wearing a shirt, a cap, and a pair of gloves.

     "Aren't you cold, Dad?" I'd ask. "No," Dad would reply. "I'm not cold-working too hard to be cold."

     Many times I wondered whether my father was an extremely tough man, or whether he was foolish.

     One time when I was quite young, perhaps five or so, I went ice fishing with Dad. It was a bright,

clear day-and bitterly cold.

     After we'd been out on the ice for a little while, my feet started getting cold.

     "Daddy, my feet are cold." I said.

      "Yeah, it's cold out here today," he replied.

      "Tell you what," he said. "Walk around. Make some circles in the snow. See how many different

patterns you can make. That will get your feet warm."

      Now, I was just a little girl at the time but I remember thinking, "How in the world will walking around

in the snow make my feet warm? Dad must be out of mind."

      But he was my father, after all. I made circles in the snow. I made squares. Pretty soon I was having

so much fun making patterns in the snow. I forgot about my feet being cold.

      Now, all these years later, I know, too, from personal experience how my father was able to take his

coat off and work outside in the winter wearing just a shirt, a cap and gloves. Because I do it, too. "Aren't

you cold?" my husband asked one winter day. "No," I replied. "I'm not cold-working too hard to be cold."

      I hope my husband has decided I'm both tough and smart. But I guess quite a bit of the time he thinks

I'm foolish.

      Wherever Dad is in that great big farm in the sky-I'm sure he can't help but smile whenever I take my

coat off while I'm working outside in the winter.

1. When the author's feet felt cold, her father advised her to ____. [ ]

A. go home alone first

B. keep walking in the snow

C. draw pictures in the snow

D. light a fire on the ice

2. Hearing her father's advice, the author thought her father ____. [ ]

A. forgettable

B. warm-hearted

C. crazy

D. cruel

3. What might the author's husband think of her? [ ]

A. Tough

B. Smart

C. Brave

D. Foolish

4. The author's purpose of writing this passage is to ____. [ ]

A. remember her tough and smart father

B. show how her father cared about her

C. describe memories of her childhood

D. explain why her father loved her so much