问题 填空题

(10分)、硫铁矿又称黄铁矿,是生产硫酸的原料,其主要成分为FeS2。850℃~900℃时,硫铁矿在纯净的氧气中煅烧,可能发生下列反应:

① 3FeS2+8O2→Fe3O4+6SO2        ② 4FeS2+11O2→2Fe2O3+8SO2   

⑴为使FeS2煅烧完全生成Fe2O3,使用过量氧气,当氧气过量20%时,求所得炉气中SO2的体积分数。(写出计算过程)

⑵480 g纯净的FeS2在氧气中完全反应,若所得固体中,Fe和O的物质的量之比

n(Fe)∶n(O)=4∶a,此时消耗氧气b mol。

①试写出b与a的关系式:_______ ______。

② b的最大值为    ____,最小值为_______  ____。

答案

(1)78.4%(5分)

设生成8 L SO2,则原氧气为11×1.2=13.2(L),反应后混合气体积为10.2 L。

SO2%=8/10.2=78.4%

(2)①b=0.5a+8(3分)   ②b=11(3分),b=10.7    即:32/3(3分)

(1)根据方程式② 4FeS2+11O2→2Fe2O3+8SO2分析可知,每11mol氧气与FeS2反应生成8mol二氧化硫气体,所以,令氧气的物质的量为,当与4molFeS2反应生成8mol二氧化硫气体时,余下氧气20%,所以可求得炉气中SO2的体积分数

(2)480 g纯净的FeS2的物质的量为4mol;令Fe3O4的物质的量为x,Fe2O3的物质的量为y,则由化学反应方程式可得:

① 3FeS2+8O2→Fe3O4+6SO2

3x     8x    x

② 4FeS2+11O2→2Fe2O3+8SO2

2y     5.5y   y

根据Fe元素守恒可得:3x+2y=4;固体中O元素的质量为:4x+3y=a;由方程式中消耗氧气的物质的量为:8x+5.5y=b;解这三个方程式可求得b与a的关系式:b=0.5a+8;

由方程式中的比例关系可知,b的最大值为b=11;b的最小值为32/3

阅读理解

根据短文内容,判断下列句子的正误,正确的用“T”,错误的用“F”。

         Summer came and the weather got hotter. Few people could go to sleep at night. They felt tired in the

daytime. They hoped to swim in the water or find a cool place. But there was no river around the town. They

had to go to the mountains. There was a large lake and it was cool there. They could have a good sleep there

or swim in the lake.

        It was Saturday. A lot of people went there for their weekend. They enjoyed themselves in the villages

and swam in the cool water. The next afternoon they had to return to their town. Bad luck! The last train came

to the station at five to six. It was fifty minutes late. There were many people on the platform (站台). They

were anxious (渴望的) to get on the train. As soon as it stopped, they tried to get on.

        The driver felt terrible at that moment. He had to take some medicine, but he couldn't find any water in

the train and had to get off. It was time to start. The train was filled to capacity (挤满). Only the driver was

still standing on the platform. There was no room for him in the train!

( ) 1. The people felt tired in the daytime because they couldn't sleep in the hot weather.

(     ) 2. People went to the mountains to have a good rest.

(     ) 3. They had to go to work on Monday, so people were anxious to get on the train.

(     ) 4. The train usually arrived at the station at a quarter past five.

( ) 5. The driver stood on the platform because he didn't take the medicine.

单项选择题