问题 问答题

肝癌有哪些临床表现

答案

参考答案:原发性肝癌起病隐匿,早期缺乏典型症状。临床症状明显者,病情大多已进入中、晚期。①肝区疼痛是肝癌最常见的症状,多呈持续性胀痛或钝痛。如病变侵犯膈,疼痛可牵涉右肩或右背部;癌结节破裂可突然引起剧烈腹痛,产生急腹症的表现,如出血量大时可导致休克。②肝脏呈进行性增大,质地坚硬,表面凹凸不平,常有大小不等的结节,常有不同程度的压痛。肝癌突出于右肋弓下或剑突下时,上腹可呈现局部隆起或饱满;如癌位于膈面,则主要表现为膈肌抬高而肝下缘不下移。③黄疸一般出现在肝癌晚期,多为阻塞性黄疸,少数为肝细胞性黄疸。前者常因癌肿压迫或侵犯胆管或肝门转移性淋巴结肿大而压迫胆管造成阻塞所致;后者可由于癌组织肝内广泛浸润或合并肝硬化、慢性肝炎引起。④肝硬化失代偿期的临床表现:原有腹水者可表现为腹水迅速增加且具难治性,腹水一般为漏出液。血性腹水多因肝癌侵犯肝包膜或向腹腔内破溃引起,少数因腹膜转移癌所致。⑤恶任肿瘤的全身性表现:如消瘦、发热、食欲减退、乏力、营养不良和恶病质等。⑥转移灶症状。⑦伴癌综合征系指原发性肝癌患者由于癌肿本身代谢异常或癌组织对机体影响而引起内分泌或代谢异常的一组综合征。主要表现为白发性低血糖症、红细胞增多症;其他罕见的有高钙血症、高脂血症、类癌综合征等。

完形填空
Choose the best answer to complete the passage.
       I used to watch a little girl   1   basketball every day from my kitchen window. One day I asked
her why she practised so  2  . She said: "I would like to go to college. The only way is   3  a
scholarship(奖学金). I like basketball and I want to be the   4   player in college. My dad told me: 'If
the dream is big enough, the facts don't count.' " She   5   changed her mind. I watched her through those
junior high years and into senior high school. One day before she graduated   6   high school, I saw her
sitting on the grass   7   . I asked her what was wrong. She told me her coach said she was   8   a short
girl that she couldn't be a good basketball player, so she should   9   dreaming about going to college.
She was heartbroken and it   10   made me feel sad. Then she smiled and told me her father said that
coach was wrong. He did not understand the power of dream. Her father said to her: "If you really want
to   11   the scholarship of a good college, nothing but you   12   can stop your dream." The next year,
she and her team went to a big game. She   13   by a coach of a famous college team and was offered a
scholarship to the   14   basketball team of their college. She was about to get the college education   15  
 she had dreamed of and worked towards for all those years. "If the dream is big enough, the facts don't
count." It is true.
( )1. A. to play
( )2. A. many    
( )3. A. to get  
( )4. A. most    
( )5. A. never  
( )6. A. in      
( )7. A. sad    
( )8. A. too    
( )9. A. stop    
( )10.A. as well
( )11.A. play for
( )12.A. your    
( )13.A. saw    
( )14.A. women's
( )15.A. whom    
B. plays  
B. much    
B. get      
B. good    
B. ever      
B. to        
B. sadly  
B. such    
B. forget    
B. also    
B. play with
B. yourself
B. was seeing
B. woman's
B. who    
C. play            
C. little          
C. got              
C. best            
C. always          
C. from            
C. happily          
C. so              
C. go on            
C. too              
C. play against    
C. own              
C. was seen        
C. womans'        
C. that            
单项选择题