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在海峡两岸龙舟赛中，全体划桨手在鼓声的号令下有节奏地向后划水，龙舟就快速前进，这说明了力的作用是______的．相对于岸上站立的观众，龙舟是______的（选填“运动”或“静止”）．

答案

①因为力的作用是相互的，运动员用桨向后划水（给水向后的作用力），水给桨一个向前的反作用力，所以龙舟就向前运动；

②以“岸上站立的观众”为参照物，龙舟与观众之间的位置发生了变化，所以龙舟是运动的．

故答案为：相互；运动．

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把一根圆柱形木料截成3段，表面积增加了45.12平方厘米，这根木料的底面积是______平方厘米．
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The central problem of economics is to satisfy the people’s and nation’s wants. The problem we are faced with is that our (1) , here identified as money, are (2) . The only way we can resolve our (3) is to make choices. After looking at our resources, we must examine our list of (4) and identify the things we need (5) , those we can postpone, and (6) we cannot afford. As individuals, we face the central problem involved in economics — deciding just how to allocate our limited resources to provide ourselves with the greatest (7) of our wants.
Nations face the same problem. As a country’s population (8) , the need for more goods and services grows (9) . Resources necessary to production may increase, but there are (10) enough resources to satisfy the total desires of a (11) . Whether the budget meeting is taking place in the family living-room, in the conference room of the corporation (12) of directors, or in the chamber of the House of Representatives in Washington, the basic problem still exists. We need to find (13) of allocating limited resources in order to satisfy unlimited wants.
A short time ago, economists divided goods into two categories, free and economic. The former, like air and water, were in (14) abundance that economists had no concern about (15) of scarcity and what to do about it. Today many of these "free goods" are in (16) very expensive to use. Pollution has made clean air and water expensive for producers who have to filter their waste products, for consumers who ultimately pay for the producers’ extra costs, and (17) tax-payers who pay for the government’s involvement in cleaning the environment.
In the 1990s, almost all goods are (18) . Only by effort and money can they be (19) in the form people wish.
Meeting the needs of people and the demands from resources available leads to the basic activity of production. In trying to (20) unlimited wants from limited economic goods, production leads to new problems in economics.
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