问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读《故乡》节选,完成文后题目。(10分)

1“阿!闰土哥,——你来了?……”

2我接着便有许多话,想要连珠一般涌出:角鸡,跳鱼儿,贝壳,猹,……但又总觉得被什么挡着似的,单在脑里面回旋,吐不出口外去。

3他站住了,脸上现出欢喜和凄凉的神情;动着嘴唇,却没有作声。他的态度终于恭敬起来了,分明的叫道:“老爷!……”

4我似乎打了一个寒噤;我就知道,我们之间已经隔了一层可悲的厚障壁了。

5他回过头去说,“水生,给老爷磕头。”便拖出躲在背后的孩子来,这正是一个廿年前的闰土,只是黄瘦些,颈子上没有银圈罢了。“这是第五个孩子,没有见过世面,躲躲闪闪……”

6母亲和宏儿下楼来了,他们大约也听到了声音。

7“老太太。信是早收到了。我实在喜欢的不得了,知道老爷回来……”闰土说。

8“阿,你怎的这样客气起来。你们先前不是哥弟称呼么?还是照旧:迅哥儿。”母亲高兴的说。

9“阿呀,老太太真是……这成什么规矩。那时是孩子,不懂事……”闰土说着,又叫水生上来打拱,那孩子却害羞,紧紧的只贴在他背后。

⑩“他就是水生?第五个?都是生人,怕生也难怪的;还是宏儿和他去走走。”母亲说。

11宏儿听得这话,便来招水生,水生却松松爽爽同他一路出去了。母亲叫闰土坐,他迟疑了一回,终于就了坐,将长烟管靠在桌旁,递过纸包来,说:“冬天没有什么东西了。这一点干青豆倒是自家晒在那里的,请老爷……”我问问他的景况。他只是摇头。

……

12老屋离我愈远了;故乡的山水也都渐渐远离了我,但我却并不感到怎样的留恋。我只觉得我四面有看不见的高墙,将我隔成孤身,使我非常气闷;那西瓜地上的银项圈的小英雄的影像,我本来十分清楚,现在却忽地模糊了,又使我非常的悲哀。

……

13我想到希望,忽然害怕起来了。闰土要香炉和烛台的时候,我还暗地里笑他,以为他总是崇拜偶像,什么时候都不忘却。现在我所谓希望,不也是我自己手制的偶像么?只是他的愿望切近,我的愿望茫远罢了。

小题1:对比是小说中常用的手法之一,找出选文中两处对比,并分别说说这两处对比的表达作用。(4分)

小题2:有人说,闰土对“我”的感情已经消失,也有人说没有消失,你同意哪种说法,请从选文中找出依据。(3分)

小题3:人都说“月是故乡明”,你认为这次离开故乡的“我”还会有这种感受吗?(3分)

答案

小题1:通过少年闰土与水生脸色的对比以及“银项圈”有无的变化,(1分)形象地表现了农民生活日益困苦、窘迫的境遇。(1分)“我”与闰土的隔膜和水生与宏儿的毫无隔膜的对比,(1分)表现了“我”对人与人不再隔膜的希望。(1分)

小题1:从“他站住了,脸上现出欢喜和凄凉的神情” “老太太。信是早收到了。我实在喜欢的不得了,……” “冬天没有什么东西了。这一点干青豆倒是自家晒在那里的,请老爷……”都可看出闰土对“我”怀有感情。(每找到一处得1分)

小题1:(1)会,故乡是“我”成长的源头,有着我许多美好的回忆,文末再现西瓜地的美好画面,说明“我”内心深处还是怀着对故乡美好未来的憧憬。(2)不会,“我”漂泊在外,对故乡一直怀有美好的回忆,看到故乡衰败、冷漠的现实,深感悲哀、失望。

小题1:题目分析:文中的对比既有少年闰土与少年水生的对比,“便拖出躲在背后的孩子来,这正是一个廿年前的闰土,只是黄瘦些,颈子上没有银圈罢了”,表明闰土家的生活不如从前了,过得更加穷苦了。也有闰土对我的态度的对比,还有“我”和闰土“我们之间已经隔了一层可悲的厚障壁了”和“宏儿听得这话,便来招水生,水生却松松爽爽同他一路出去了” 水生与宏儿的毫无隔膜形成对比,表现了我对人与人之间“一气”生气相通关系的渴望。

点评:我们首先要了解对比手法的特点及其作用,然后根据具体的文章内容加以分析。对比手法,是文学创作中常用的一种表现手法,是把对立的意思或事物、或把事物的两个方面放在一起作比较,让读者在比较中分清好坏、辨别是非。运用这种手法,有利于充分显示事物的矛盾,突出被表现事物的本质特征,加强文章的艺术效果和感染力。

小题1:题目分析:从全文内容看,闰土受封建思想毒害,和我有了隔膜,有了等级观念,但对我的感情没有消失,在文中从前向后找,就可以找到依据。一定注意要找全。

点评:同意哪种观点,首先要根据全文的内容与主旨,明确自己应同意哪种说法。然后在文章中由前向后找到关键语句,并提取出来作为支持自己观点的依据。

小题1:题目分析:这是一道开放性题目,也是考查学生的理解和表达个人见解的题目。可以说“会”,也可以说“不会”,没有对错之分,只要理由充分即可。“会”则要从对故乡仍怀有希望和憧憬。“不会”则要回答通过这次回故乡看到了故乡的衰败、冷漠,“再也不是二十年前的故乡”的失望。

点评:这是一道表达个人观点的开放性题目。无论持哪种观点,都必须要有相应的理由支持,而且要观点明确,语句通畅。平时的阅读中遇到问题,要多与同学讨论、争辩,在互相学习交流的过程中,加深对文章的认识,同时也可以锻炼自己的语言表达能力与辩论能力。

多项选择题
问答题

Libraries form a vital part of the world’s systems of communication and education.
They make available knowledge accumulated through the ages. People in all walks of life use library resources in their work. People also turn to libraries to satisfy a desire for knowledge or to obtain material for leisure-time activity. In addition, many people enjoy book discussions, concerts, film programs, lectures, story hours, and a variety of other activities provided by libraries. Libraries also play an important role in preserving a society’s cultural heritage(遗产). The library ranks as one of society’s most useful service institutions.
The contents of libraries have changed so much through the years that the word library itself is, in a sense, inaccurate. The word comes from the Latin word liber, which means book. Today’s libraries house many books, of course. However, they also have a wide variety of other materials that communicate, educate, and entertain. These materials include magazines, manuscripts (手稿), newspapers, and computer documents.
Audio and visual materials include CDs, audiocassette tapes, videotapes, films, maps, paintings, and photographs.
In addition to regular books, a library may have large-type books, books for the blind, and tape recordings of books, called talking books. Librarians keep pace with the changing contents of libraries to serve as many people as possible. Their efforts have turned libraries into multimedia resource centers.
The expansion of library contents greatly increases the library’s ability to communicate and educate. For example, people interested in classical music can listen to CDs and read books on the topic. Students of agriculture can read magazines and watch videotapes on farming methods. Many people use magazines and newspapers to find the most up-to-date material on current events.
In addition to expanding contents, librarians have developed many kinds of libraries to serve the needs of different people. The materials of each kind of library are selected to meet the needs of a specific group of patrons. School libraries have collections that provide the information needed by elementary and high school students. Public libraries tailor their collections to the general public. Government library collections are geared chiefly toward serving the needs of government officials. Thousands of special libraries provide information for professional people, such as advertising specialists, bankers, editors, engineers, lawyers, physicians, and scientists.