问题 填空题

某不纯的镁样品2.4g与足量的盐酸反应后产生氢气0.2g.若已知该样品中仅含下列物质中的两种,请写出杂质可能的成______.

①Fe   ②Al  ③Cu   ④Zn  (请填写相应的序数组合)

答案

假设2.4g样品全部为镁,与足量的盐酸反应产生氢气的质量=

2
24
×2.4g=0.2g;所以样品镁中所含的两种金属与酸完全反应所产生氢气质量的平均值应与等质量镁产生氢气的质量相等;

①假设铁的质量为2.4g,完全反应产生氢气质量=

2
56
×2.4g≈0.09g<0.2g;所以,若样品中含有铁则同时还须含有等质量金属完全反应产生氢气质量大于0.2g的金属;

②假设铝的质量为2.4g,完全反应产生氢气质量=

3
27
×2.4g≈0.27g>0.2g;所以,若样品中含有铝则同时还须含有等质量金属完全反应产生氢气质量小于0.2g的金属;

③铜不能与酸发生置换反应而产生氢气;所以,若样品中含有铜则同时还须含有等质量金属完全反应产生氢气质量大于0.2g的金属;

④假设锌的质量为2.4g,完全反应产生氢气质量=

2
65
×2.4g≈0.07g<0.2g;所以,若样品中含有锌则同时还须含有等质量金属完全反应产生氢气质量大于0.2g的金属;

综上所述,样品中可同时含有金属铝和铁、铝和铜、铝和锌;

故答案为:①②或②③或②④.

单项选择题
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