问题 问答题

下表中分别是碳酸钠和氯化钠不同温度下的溶解度

温度℃0102030406080
溶解度/gNa2CO37.0012.521.539.749.046.043.9
NaCl35.735.836.036.336.637.338.4
我国有许多盐碱湖,湖中溶有大量的纯碱和氯化钠,那里的农民冬天捞碱,夏天晒盐.

请碳酸钠和氯化钠不同温度下的溶解度,请回答:

(1)10℃时,碳酸钠比氯化钠的溶解度______;

(2)根据图中数据,冬天捞碱的原理是______.

(3)80℃时,在100g水中制成碳酸钠的饱和溶液,其溶质质量分数是(精确到整数0.1%)______,若用该溶液与足量的石灰水反应,可得氢氧化钠(精确到整数)______g.

答案

(1)10℃时碳酸钠的溶解度是12.5g,氯化钠是35.8g,所以可比较溶解度的大小.

(2)由碳酸钠的溶解度随温度降低而明显减小,冬天温度较低,所以溶液中结晶大量析出.

(3)100g水中在80℃时溶解的碳酸钠的质量是43.9g,溶液正好饱和,其溶质质量分数=

43.9g
100g+43.9g
×100%=30.5%.

设与43.9g碳酸钠与石灰水反应时可生成氢氧化钠的质量是x

Na2CO3+Ca(OH)2=2NaOH+CaCO3

106               2×40

43.9g              X

106
80
=
43.9g
x

x=33g

答:可得氢氧化钠的质量是33g.

故答案为:

(1)小;

(2)冬天气温低,纯碱的溶解度随温度变化而明显减小,纯碱在湖水中形成饱和溶液后,大量析出晶体.

(3)30.5%,33.

单项选择题
填空题

A good translator is by definition bilingual. The opposite is not ______(1) true, however. A born and bred bilingual will still need two__________(2) to become a translator: first, the skills and experience necessary for__________(3); second, knowledge of the field in which he or she will__________(4). The skills and experience for translation include the ability to write ______(5) in the target language, the ability to read and understand the_________(6) language material thoroughly, and the ability to work with the latest__________(7) and communication hardware and software.Does a born and bred bilingual__________(8) a better translator than someone who learned language B later in__________(9) There is no definite answer, but the following issues are important.__________(10), a born and bred bilingual often suffers from not truly knowing __________(11) language well enough to translate, with some even suffering from what __________(12) known as a lingualism, a state in which a person lacks_________(13) full, fluent command of any language. Second, born and bred bilinguals__________(14) don’’t know the culture of the target language well enough to_________(15) top-quality translations, or cannot recognize what aspects of the source language__________(16) its culture need to be treated with particular care, as they_________(17) in a sense too close to the language. And last, they often_________(18) the analytical linguistic skills to work through a sticky text.On_________(19) other hand, the acquired bilingual may not have the same in-depth _________(20) of colloquialisms, slang, and dialect that the born bilingual has. Also, the acquired bilingual will not be able to translate as readily in both directions (from B to language A and A to language B). Finally, born bilinguals often have a greater appreciation of the subtleties and nuances of both their languages than someone who learns their B language later in life can ever hope to have.