问题 综合题

大国崛起

从北京往西大约8000公里,就是欧亚大陆的西部终端。从这里跨过一道海峡,有一个岛国,国名叫“大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国”,我们通常称作“英国”。这个国家的面积仅有24万平方公里,在今天也只有6000万人口,但是在世界近代历史上,它却占有非常特殊的地位。……究竟是什么原因,让这个原本在海洋中安详飘荡的小岛,孕育了超凡的能量,改变了自己,也影响了世界呢?

——摘自《大国崛起》走向现代(英国)解说词

问题:(13分)

请叙述英国自15世纪—20世纪初“改变了自己,也影响了世界”的重大历史事件及其影响。

答案

15世纪末,君主专制形成以及颁布了一系列客观上有利于资本主义经济发展的重商主义政策;15、16世纪开始的圈地运动客观上推动了英国资本主义发展;17世纪英国革命及君主立宪制度确立,英国进入长期稳定发展时期,为工业革命的到来创造了条件;启蒙运动发端于17世纪的英国,洛克提出了政治分权学说,维护了资产阶级革命成果也影响了18世纪法国,启蒙思想为近现代世界各国的变革提供了锐利的武器;18世纪开始的英国工业革命与使英国成为“世界工厂”并促进世界市场的初步形成,在英国工业革命的影响下,法、德、美等欧美国家也开始迈上了工业化的道路;第二次工业革命在推动生产力发展的同时,也推动了资本主义从自由竞争向垄断过渡;19世纪中后期英国建立起“日不落帝国”,推动资本主义世界体系最终形成。

(历史事件及影响分别给分,其中事件5分影响5分,文字组织3分共计13分。)

阅读理解
Here are two letters to George and his answers.
 Dear George,
I’m fourteen and I’m much shorter for my age. What’s worse, I’m very fat. I want to lose weight to be 55 kg and to be taller and then I can go to the school basketball team and enjoy myself. Can you help me?
Bob
 Dear Bob,
Don’t warry if you’re shorter than your friends. Teenagers(青少年)grow at different times.
It doesn’t matter how heavy you are. You are still the same person. Plan your meals with your mum, and she can help you lose weight. Also, try to take more exercise.
George
 Dear George,
I’m learning French but I don’t get good marks. I don’t know why. Sometimes I want to give up. But I know I shouldn’t because languages are going to be very important. What should I do?
Alice
 Dear Alice,
You are right. You shold never give up, and I’m sure that you’ve mde more progress than you think. You can talkto your teacher and ask her what you should do to get a better grade. Talk to your friends who are good at French. Find something that helps you.
George
小题1:According to the letters, we now that George is ______.
A.a teacherrB.a doctor
C.a person who can give others adviceD.Bob and Alice’s friend
小题2:The weight of Bob is ______ now.
A.about 50 kgB.55 kgC.more than 55 kgD.less than 55 kg
小题3:Alic is worring about ______.
A.her friendsB.her marksC.her heightD.her weight
小题4:Bob should ______ accroding to George’s letter.
A.take more exerciseB.talk to his friends
C.join a basketball teamD.learn some French
小题5:George advises Alice to talk to ______ for help.
A.her motherB.her teacherC.Bob’s teacherD.Bob’s friends
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