问题 阅读理解与欣赏

①她患了肺癌,住了院,做了手术,手术后,医生说她癌症晚期,在人世间的日子,也就一个月了。起初孩子们忍着悲痛,不愿意把这消息告诉她,可越掩盖她越怀疑,因为从女儿的眼睛里,她已经读到了她的病情。到她的男人真正把病情的真相告诉了她时,她倒平静下来。死,她倒不怕,人早一天或晚一天,都要死的,这只是个早晚的问题。可目前,她不愿死,也不能死,因为她还放心不下她的男人:他不会做饭,不会洗衣,不会照顾自己,他有高血压,连按时吃药都不知道。

②他就是这样一个书呆子,几十万字的书,能写;可连热了减件衣服、冷了添件衣服都不会。这衣食住行,一切都得她操心。一次,单位要她去外地出差,她就去了三天,可回来,家里锅、碗、瓢、勺都翻了天。大女儿在外地工作,生孩子的时候,她去了一个月,家里便去了电话,说老头子高血压病犯了,住了院,她急急忙忙地回来,到了医院,据医生说,老头子这病,就是不按时吃药闹的。你看,她离开一天行吗?她想,在她的有生之年,得教会他做饭、洗衣,按时吃药,他知道自己照顾自己了,她再去死,到那时,她死也瞑目了。

③在住院的日子里,本来医院的饭菜很好,汤汤水水的都有,可她不吃,她要让他送饭,让他亲自做了饭给她送来。她要吃他炒的菜、熬的鸡汤,尽管他做得不好吃,她也要他来做。

④他第一次送的小米饭,有点糊味了,她仍说好吃,好吃。他含着泪,看着她把饭吃了。

⑤他每次送饭来,她都忍着疼痛,问他,衣服洗了没有?药按时吃了没有?老头点点头。

⑥老头知道他的用意,便有意地穿上件新洗的衣服让她看,她看了,那苍白的脸上,便泛上一丝的笑。

⑦女儿知道了,便说,爸爸的衣服我来洗,饭我来做。她说,还是让你爸自己做吧,自己洗吧。你们上班,时间有限,再说,他自己会做了,我死了也放心了。

⑧这些,老头心里明白。

⑨她在医院里住了20余天,便出院了。回家来,他还忙着培养老头的自立能力。他做饭,她亲自看着他往锅里添水,添几碗水,放多少米,米熬到什么时候才好吃,她都告诉他,这是她平时的经验,她像一个老师教小学生那样,耐心的细心的,看着他炒菜、洗衣,每天都提醒他吃药……

⑩饭菜、洗衣,学得差不多了,可就是,那高血压的药,他总忘了吃。

⑪她想,我还是不能死啊!

⑫夜里,老头躺在她的身边,深情地说:“其实,做饭、洗衣,我早就学会了。可我知道,你总牵挂着我,就不离开我。有个心理学家,曾讲过这样的一个故事:二战时集中营的人,自然死亡中毫无牵挂的占多数,而那些牵肠挂肚的人大都活下来。我总希望你牵挂着我,始终不离开我……”

⑬女人笑了,她因放心不下他,她竟然,熬过了预死期,一个30天,又一个30天,转眼已过了五十个30天了,老天,竟然,让她奇迹般地活下来!

小题1:请用简洁的语言概括文章的主要内容。(4分)

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小题2:第一段在这篇小说中有什么作用?(6分)

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小题3:文中第四段中画线句子,他送来的是“有点糊味的米饭”,她为什么仍说“好吃,好吃”?(4分)

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小题4:结合全文内容,说说她最后奇迹般地“活了下来”的原因是什么。(至少两点) (6分)

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答案

小题1:一位得了绝症的妻子因为放心不下自己的丈夫而使自己的生命得以延续。

小题2:①她临死还放心不下她的男人,呼应了文章的标题

②为她奇迹般地活下去的结局作了铺垫。

小题3:这是在安慰和鼓励丈夫,只要他能自立了,自己受点苦没什么。表现她对丈夫的爱。

小题4:①她不为患癌症而绝望,心中充满对丈夫的牵挂,是对丈夫无限的爱创造了奇迹。

②“她”生命的奇迹也与丈夫的真心呵护,以及忘记吃药的善意欺骗有密切的关系,是丈夫对她的爱创造了奇迹。

小题1:题目分析:整体感知文章,主要人物是一位得了绝症的妻子。事件是她放心不下书呆子的丈夫,想教他学会生活技能之后再死。结果是,她的丈夫总也不能完全地照顾自己,但她却因此奇迹般地活了下来。把人物、事件、结果用简洁的语言概括出来即可。

点评:分析这类题目,首先要确对文章内容有整体感知,并在此基础上,明白是有关谁,什么事,事件的结果如何.即一般要体现记叙文的六要素,尤其是、人物、事件、结果几个要素.

小题2:题目分析:首先看第一段写了什么内容,这段文字是文章开头的必要的交待,写出了事件的人物、起因等。结合下文内容可知,这段文字为她奇迹般地活下去的结局作了铺垫。从结构上看,这段文字照应了文章题目“放心不下”。

点评:语段在文章中的作用一般要从内容和结构两方面回答,内容上要结合本段及全文加以具体分析,结构上一般要根据语段在文中的位置而定。文章开头的语段在结构上往往会起到点题、照应题目等作用。

小题3:题目分析:“有点糊味的米饭”,她仍说“好吃,好吃”,根据全文内容可知,这“有点糊味的饭是她的丈夫亲自劳动的成果,是他学做饭的第一步,因此,只有说“好吃”才能给他以安慰和鼓励,让他能继续坚持学做下去。这一举动是她对丈夫爱的表现。

点评:理解语句的意思和文章的内容,一定要结合具体的语境及文章的主旨,这样才能对语句做出正确而全面的理解。

小题4:题目分析:回想整个故事,并到原文找寻相关的语句可知,她能奇迹般的活下来,其一是因为丈夫总是忘记吃降压药,让她放心不下。其二是她的丈夫善意的欺骗了她,让她总是心有牵挂,心存战胜病魔的勇气。总而言之,原因是来自“爱”,有她对丈夫的爱,也有丈夫对她的爱。

点评:结合文章的内容,揣摩其中的原因,运用得体的全面的语言作答即可。一般原因不难揣摩,关键是语言的表达要简洁明白,不能出现词不达意的现象。组织语言的能力要在平时的阅读学习中不断积累。

阅读理解

America, has always had people of many different nationalities and languages. The 1990 census (人口普查) indicates that almost 14% of Americans speak a non-English language at home. Yet only 3% reported that they spoke English “not well” or “not at all ”. That means that slightly more than one out of 10 Americans could be considered bilingual. Besides that, many high school and college students---and even some elementary school students---are required to take a foreign language. Actually, a growing number of Americans are coming to appreciate the benefits of using different languages.

Ethnic enclaves (少数民族聚居地) have preserved the language and culture of American immigrants. Some local residents can function quite well in their native language, without having to bother learning English. Regions such as southern Florida and the Southwest have numerous Spanish-speaking neighborhoods. In fact, Spanish speakers---numbering over 17 million---form the largest non-English linguistic group in America. But Chinese, Vietnamese, Italian, Polish and many other ethnic group add to the linguistic flavor of America. Foreign languages are so commonly used in some ethnic neighborhoods that visitors might think they are in another country!

Although some Americans welcome this linguistic and cultural diversity, others have begun to fear that the English language is being threatened. Since the 1980s, the “English Only ” movement has sought to promote legislation (立法) which would establish English as the “official language” and restrict the use of non-English language. However, some groups, including TESOL, the organization for Teachers of English to Speakers of Other language, object to such “language restrictionism”. But so far, 19 states have passed “English Only” legislation, and the topic is the focus of an ongoing debate.

Whether or not English is the official language of the United States, it remains the “language of wider communication”. Nearly everyone recognizes the need to develop the ability in using English in order to do well in America. American also recognize that English is the international language, and people with good English skills can get by in many international settings. On the other hand, in a world growing increasingly smaller, second language skills can be a great favor. They can build cross-cultural bridges and give people an edge in a variety of career field. Indeed, lack of foreign language skill can limit one’s chances for advancement and keep one in a cultural dead-end street. 

小题1: Ethnic groups have preserved their native languages because ______.

A.their native languages are commonly used in their neighborhoods

B.ethnic groups are not allowed to speak English

C.ethnic groups can do very well in their native languages

D.ethnic groups don’t allow their natives to learn English小题2:The underlined word “bilingual” in paragraph 1 probably means ______.

A.being able to speak two languages

B.being able to speak one language

C.being able to speak different languages

D.being able to speak many foreign languages小题3:Which of the following is TRUE about “English Only” movement?

A.Its purpose was to establish a legislation of restricting the use of English.

B.TESOL was in favor of “English Only ” by objecting to “English plus”.

C.It was launched because English was being threatened.

D.A large majority of American states support the movement.小题4:What can be the best title of this passage?

A.The English Only Movement

B.Learn to speak English

C.English---an International Language

D.Being Bilingual

问答题 简答题