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问题 选择题

阅读下面语段，按要求回答问题：

这当然不是说，咱中国人发明了火药就不到别人那里去学造火箭，但一个基本常识是一个有志气的民族无论学人家做什么事，都不会舍自己之根去逐人家只末，当然，走出国门学汉语是个别的，但也不能不慎而待之，因为流行的崇洋之风已把相当一些人搞糊涂了，甚至根本不知道自己是谁了。 这段话的中心意思是（） 

A．向外国人学造火箭是舍本逐末的行为

B．走出国门学汉语是舍本逐末的，必须慎重对待这类崇洋之风

C．中国是一个有志气的民族，不会向外国人学习比自己弱的东西

D．还有相当一些人想走出国门学汉语，必须慎重对待这种崇洋之风

答案

答案：B

选择题

马克思认为：“社会生产关系，是随着物质生产资料、生产力的变化和发展而变化和改变的”，生产关系必须与生产力的发展相适应。下列各项中，符合上述原理的是（   ）

①土地改革的运动 ②农业合作化运动 ③人民公社化运动 ④家庭联产承包制

A．①②④

B．①②③④

C．②③④

D．①②③
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填空题

We might marvel at the process made in every field of study, but the method of testing a person’s knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were. It really is extraordinary that after all these years educationists have still failed to devise anything more efficient and reliable than examinations.
41. ______
They may be a good means of testing memory, or the knack of working rapidly under extreme pressure, but they can tell you nothing about a person’s true ability and aptitude.
42. ______
Your whole future may be decided in one fateful day. It doesn’t matter that you weren’t feeling very well, or that your mother died. Little things like that don’t count: the exam goes on. no one can give of his best when he is in mortal terror, or after a sleepless night, yet this is precisely what the examination system expects him to do. The moment a child begins school, he enters a world of vicious competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured. Can we wonder at the increasing number of "dropouts": young people who are written off as utter failures before they have even embarked on a career Can we be surprised at the suicide rate among students
43. ______
Examinations do not motivate a student to read widely, but to restrict his reading; they do not enable him to seek more and more knowledge, but induce cramming. They lower the standards of teaching, for they deprive the teacher of all freedom. Teachers themselves are often judged by examination results and instead of teaching their subjects, they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques which they despise. The most successful candidates are not always the best educated; they are best trained in the technique of working under duress.
44. ______
Examiners are only human. They get tried and hungry; they make mistakes. Yet they have to mark stacks of hastily scrawled scripts in a limited amount of time. They work under the same sort of pressure as the candidates. And their word carries weight. After a judge’s decision you have the right of appeal, but not after an examiner’s.
45. ______
Is it cynical to suggest that examinations are merely a profitable business for the institutions that run them This is what it boils down to in the last analysis. The best comment on the system is this illiterate message recently scrawled on a wall: "I were a teenage drop-out and now I am a teenage millionaire."
[A] A good education should, among other things, train you to think for yourself. The examination system does anything but that. What has to be learnt is rigidly laid down by a syllabus, so the students are encouraged to memorize.
[B] The results on which so much depends are often nothing more than a subjective assessment by some anonymous examiner.
[C] Examinations can be taken as a test of a student’s knowledge about a particular subject which would tell the student where he stands among others, and how much he knows and how much he ought to know.
[D] As anxiety-makers examinations are second to none. That is because so much depends on them. They are the mark of success or failure in our society.
[E] The student appearing for the exam takes it under extreme tension and pressure because he knows that he has only one chance to prove his worth and if he fails, he will be left behind for the rest of his life.
[F] For all the pious claim that examinations test what you know, it is common knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite.
[G] There must surely be many simpler and more effective ways of assessing a person’s true abilities.
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