问题 问答题

科学兴趣小组的同学在老师的指导下,对用铁碳合金制作的校徽中单质铁的含量进行了测定.他们将几枚旧校徽样品进行粉碎处理,四组同学各取6.0克粉末样品置于烧杯中,然后加人一定体积的稀硫酸,完全反应后,对烧杯中剩余固体进行称量.相关的实验数据记录如下:

组别编号样品质量(g)加入稀硫酸体积(mL)剩余固体质量(g)
16.040.00.4
26.040.00.4
36.050.00.6
46.050.00.4
(1)分析上表数据可知,编号为______组的同学其剩余固体质量的数据不合理.

(2)①根据第1组同学记录的数据计算,6.0克样品跟稀硫酸完全反应能产生氢气多少克?

②该校徽样品中单质铁的质量分数为多少?(答案保留1位小数).

(3)如果旧校徽已生锈,①中计算产生的氢气质量将比实验得到的氢气质量要大.你认为要准确地测得样品中单质铁的含量,前面实验中称量“剩余固体质量”应该改成称量下列中的哪一项?______(填字母)

A.加人稀硫酸的质量

B.反应完全后烧杯中所有物质的质量

C.加人稀硫酸的质量和反应完全后烧杯中所有物质的质量.

答案

(1)向6克样品中加入40克稀硫酸,剩余固体0.4克,剩余固体中一定有碳,可能还有剩余的铁;向6克样品中加入50克稀硫酸,剩余固体的质量只能比0.4克少,或者为0.4克,绝对不可能比0.4克大.故答案为:3;

(2 )根据表中数据可知参加反应铁的质量=6.0 g一0.4 g=5.6g

设6.0克样品跟稀硫酸完全反应产生氢气的质量为x.

Fe+H2SO4=FeSO4+H2

56              2

5.6 g            x

56
5.6g
=
2
x

x=0.2g

答:6.0克样品跟稀硫酸完全反应能产生氢气0.2g.

②单质铁的质量分数=

5.6g
6.0g
×100%=93.3%

答:该校徽样品中单质铁的质量分数为93.3%.

(3)反应前后减少的固体质量为氢气的质量,所以要准确地测得样品中单质铁的含量,前面实验中称量“剩余固体质量”应该改成称量加人稀硫酸的质量和反应完全后烧杯中所有物质的质量.故答案为:C.

完形填空

Children all over the world like to celebrate their birthdays. American children are of no difference. They usually celebrate with a party. They invite their friends to their birthday parties. The party may not be held on the right date of their birthday if it comes on a school day. It may be held on the weekend instead.

Today two kinds of parties are the most popular. One is held at home. Parents decorate the house beautiful with balloons and coloured paper. They prepare a special birthday meal. The children play games. The other kind is held away from home. Some are at a special restaurant. The children eat pizza and ice cream. The waiters , who serve the food, also sing and tell jokes to the children. Other parties may be held at a park, or at a movie theatre, or in some other places.

Every birthday party has a cake with candles on it. There is one candle for each year of a birthday boy’s or girl’s age. When the candles are lighted(点燃), everyone sings the special birthday song: HAPPY BIRTHDAY TO YOU.

As Americans grow older, their birthday parties change. In fact, many people stop having them. They say they would like to forget how old they are. Yet they do like to keep the happy birthday parties of their childhood in mind.

小题1:Who would like to celebrate their birthdays?

__________________________________________________

小题2:How do American children celebrate their birthdays?

__________________________________________________

小题3:How many kinds of parties are the most popular today?

__________________________________________________

小题4:What’s for every birthday party?

__________________________________________________

小题5:Why do many of Americans stop having their birthday parties?

__________________________________________________

单项选择题 B型题