问题 实验题

某无色溶液可能由盐酸、氢氧化钠溶液、氯化钠溶液、碳酸钠溶液中的一种或几种混合而成。为探究其组成,小华同学进行了如下实验:

Ⅰ、取适量样品放入试管中,滴加酚酞溶液,溶液变成红色。再向试管中逐滴加入过量的氢氧化钙溶液,观察到有沉淀产生。过滤,所得滤液为红色。

(1)由实验Ⅰ中的现象可推断出样品中一定含有的物质是_______(写化学式,下同),一定不含有的物质是________;

为了进一步探究样品中可能含有的物质是否存在,小华继续进行了如下实验:

Ⅱ、取适量实验Ⅰ所得的红色滤液放入试管中,滴加过量的稀硝酸,溶液变无色。再向试管中逐滴加入适量的硝酸银溶液至恰好完全反应,观察到有白色沉淀生成。过滤,所得滤液为无色。

Ⅲ、从稀硫酸、氢氧化钡溶液、氯化钡溶液、硝酸钾溶液中选择一种试剂,代替实验Ⅰ中的氢氧化钙溶液进行实验,其余的试剂及操作与实验Ⅰ的均相同。

通过实验Ⅱ和实验Ⅲ,小华得出结论:样品中可能含有的物质确实存在。

(2)实验Ⅱ所得无色滤液中,除酚酞以外,还含有的溶质为_____;

(3)实验Ⅲ中代替氢氧化钙溶液的试剂是________溶液,可观察到的现象为________。

答案

(1)Na2CO3;HCl

(2)HNO3、NaNO3、Ca(NO3)2

(3)BaCl2;有白色沉淀产生,滤液仍然呈红色

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( ) 1. A. turned down
( ) 2. A. when
( ) 3. A. heard
( ) 4. A. looked up
( ) 5. A. death
( ) 6. A. so
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( ) 8. A. think
( ) 9. A. taken
( ) 10. A.alive
( ) 11. A. mistake
( ) 12. A. must
( ) 13. A. pain
( ) 14. A. and
( ) 15. A. wonder

B. turned off  
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B. mistakes    
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B. happiness    
B. to          
B. wondering    


C. turned on  
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C. lively    
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D. turned up  
D. what      
D. listened to
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D. such a    
D. to        
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D. lovely    
D. ideas      
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D. challenge  
D. between    
D. wonderful  

单项选择题